diff --git a/docs/plans/deploy-v1.md b/docs/plans/deploy-v1.md
index a11ab43..e60aecc 100644
--- a/docs/plans/deploy-v1.md
+++ b/docs/plans/deploy-v1.md
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ One file. One command. One contract.
 
 ### In
 
-- Persona JSON schema extension: `cloud`, `useSubscription`, `integrations`, `schedules`, `sandbox`, `memory`, `traits`, `onEvent`.
+- Persona JSON schema extension: `cloud`, `useSubscription`, `integrations`, `schedules`, `memory`, `onEvent`.
 - New package `@agentworkforce/runtime` — thin facade exposing `handler(...)` that wraps `agent({...})` from `@agent-relay/agent` (cloud proactive-runtime M1 SDK).
 - New package `@agentworkforce/deploy` — the deploy CLI logic; the existing `cli.ts` gets a `deploy` case that dispatches to it.
 - Daytona sandbox launcher used in the `--sandbox` run mode.
@@ -64,7 +64,18 @@ One file. One command. One contract.
 
 ## 3. Persona JSON schema diff
 
-All new fields are optional. A persona that does not set any of them continues to behave exactly as today — `workforce agent <id>` works unchanged. Set `cloud: true` and at least one trigger to opt into the new deploy surface.
+All new fields are optional. A persona that does not set any of them continues to behave exactly as today — `workforce agent <id>` works unchanged. Set `cloud: true` and at least one listener to opt into the new deploy surface.
+
+A persona listens for events. Three listener kinds exist in v1:
+
+- **clock** — cron `schedules[]` (§3.3).
+- **radio** — RelayFile integration event triggers, declared via `integrations.<provider>.triggers[]` (§3.2).
+- **inbox** — RelayCast targeted messages. Not yet modeled in v1; reserved.
+
+Two fields explored in earlier drafts were dropped before v1 ships:
+
+- **`traits`** was removed in v1. Personality is handled by the persona-personality-builder tool, which is out of scope for v1. Parsers reject any persona that still declares `traits` so old specs surface loudly during migration.
+- **`sandbox`** was removed in v1. Sandbox is on by default at deploy time; opt out with `workforce deploy --no-sandbox` or runtime config rather than per-persona JSON. Parsers reject any persona that still declares `sandbox` for the same reason.
 
 ### 3.1 Top-level additions
 
@@ -72,12 +83,10 @@ All new fields are optional. A persona that does not set any of them continues t
 |---|---|---|---|
 | `cloud` | `boolean` | always (default `false`) | When `true`, this persona is deployable. `workforce deploy` only operates on personas where this is `true`. |
 | `useSubscription` | `boolean` | optional | When `true`, inference uses the user's connected LLM subscription via `@agent-relay/cloud`'s provider link (no workforce-billed tokens). Triggers a `connectProvider` step at deploy time. |
-| `integrations` | `Record<string, IntegrationConfig>` | when persona has event triggers | Declares which Relayfile providers this agent needs and what events fire its handler. See §3.2. |
-| `schedules` | `Schedule[]` | when persona runs on cron | One or more cron triggers, registered with the runtime's `ctx.schedule.every(...)`. Each schedule has a `name` echoed back to the handler. See §3.3. |
-| `sandbox` | `boolean \| SandboxConfig` | optional | `true` (default) means agent runs inside a Daytona sandbox. `false` means the runner process owns its own filesystem. Object form lets you tune env / timeout. See §3.4. |
+| `integrations` | `Record<string, IntegrationConfig>` | when persona has event triggers | Declares which Relayfile providers this agent needs and what events fire its handler. The "radio" listener surface. See §3.2. |
+| `schedules` | `Schedule[]` | when persona runs on cron | One or more cron triggers, registered with the runtime's `ctx.schedule.every(...)`. Each schedule has a `name` echoed back to the handler. The "clock" listener surface. See §3.3. |
 | `memory` | `boolean \| MemoryConfig` | optional | Enables the agent-assistant memory subsystem. Scopes and TTL configurable. See §3.5. |
-| `traits` | `Traits` | optional, **only meaningful for interactive agents** | Mirrors `@agent-assistant/traits`: voice, formality, proactivity, etc. Applied when the agent posts to a chat surface (Slack, Relaycast). Headless agents (paraglide-style "Linear issue → ship") may omit this. See §3.6. |
-| `onEvent` | `string` | when `cloud: true` and any trigger declared | Path to a TS file (relative to the persona JSON) whose default export is the event handler. Sub-file references like `./agent.ts` and `./handlers/index.ts` are supported. See §4. |
+| `onEvent` | `string` | when `cloud: true` and any listener declared | Path to a TS file (relative to the persona JSON) whose default export is the event handler. Sub-file references like `./agent.ts` and `./handlers/index.ts` are supported. See §4. |
 
 ### 3.2 `integrations` shape
 
@@ -119,18 +128,16 @@ The act of stacking integrations is just declaring multiple keys. The act of lin
 - `cron` is a standard 5-field expression. `tz` defaults to `UTC`.
 - Multiple schedules are allowed. The runtime registers each with `ctx.schedule.every(cron, { tz, payload: { name } })`.
 
-### 3.4 `sandbox` shape
+### 3.4 Sandbox (deploy-time, not persona-level)
 
-```jsonc
-"sandbox": true                                          // default
-"sandbox": { "enabled": true, "timeoutSeconds": 1800, "env": { "FOO": "bar" } }
-"sandbox": false                                         // run in the runner process's fs
-```
+Sandbox configuration was lifted out of the persona spec in v1. The deploy
+CLI runs every cloud persona inside a Daytona sandbox by default; pass
+`workforce deploy --no-sandbox` (or set runtime config) to opt out. The
+sandbox image, timeout, and env are decided at deploy time:
 
-- Image is **not** user-configurable in v1. Workforce picks a standard image (`node-22` baseline) for the default Daytona sandbox. We can add `image` later if a real demand surfaces; eliminating the field keeps the v1 contract small.
-- `timeoutSeconds` caps a single handler invocation. Default 1800s.
-- `env` adds env vars on top of the auto-injected secrets (Relayfile connection tokens, harness inference creds, etc.).
-- When `sandbox: false`, the agent's `ctx.sandbox` still exists but points at the runner's own process — useful for `--dev` iteration, **not** what we recommend for production.
+- Image is **not** user-configurable in v1. Workforce picks a standard image (`node-22` baseline) for the default Daytona sandbox.
+- The sandbox-client default exec timeout (~600s, see `packages/deploy/src/modes/sandbox-client.ts`) applies to every run. Per-persona handler timeouts continue to live on `harnessSettings.timeoutSeconds`.
+- Auto-injected secrets (Relayfile connection tokens, harness inference creds) come from the deploy environment, not the persona JSON.
 
 ### 3.5 `memory` shape
 
@@ -148,25 +155,17 @@ The act of stacking integrations is just declaring multiple keys. The act of lin
 - Implementation: the runtime wires `@agent-assistant/memory` with the supermemory adapter (matching sage today). API key is pulled from workforce-managed env, not declared in the persona.
 - `scopes` is the only field with real semantic weight: session-only memory is wiped per handler; user-scope persists across the user's invocations of this agent; workspace persists across all users.
 - `autoPromote` flips on the sage turn-recorder pattern — agent decides if session content is worth promoting.
-- **No `memoryMd` file.** Memory is config, not prose. Personality goes in `traits` and `description`.
+- **No `memoryMd` file.** Memory is config, not prose. Personality goes in `description` (and, in a future iteration, in the persona-personality-builder tool's output).
 
-### 3.6 `traits` shape
-
-Direct mapping to `@agent-assistant/traits`:
-
-```jsonc
-"traits": {
-  "voice": "professional-warm",
-  "formality": "low",
-  "proactivity": "medium",
-  "riskPosture": "conservative",
-  "domain": "engineering",
-  "vocabulary": ["PR", "diff", "CI"],
-  "preferMarkdown": true
-}
-```
+### 3.6 Traits (removed in v1)
 
-Only used when the runtime renders into a conversational surface (Slack message, Relaycast post, GitHub PR comment). Skip the field entirely for headless agents — saves the runtime a subsystem registration.
+`traits` was explored in earlier drafts as a direct mapping to
+`@agent-assistant/traits` (voice, formality, proactivity, risk posture,
+domain vocabulary, markdown preference). It is **removed from the v1
+persona spec**: personality is handled by the persona-personality-builder
+tool, which is out of scope for v1. Parsers reject any persona that
+still declares `traits` so old specs surface during migration. The
+replacement story will be designed alongside that tool's first iteration.
 
 ### 3.7 Trigger-name registry
 
@@ -242,7 +241,7 @@ interface WorkforceCtx {
     cancel(name: string): Promise<void>;
   };
 
-  // Persona metadata (id, traits, harness tier defaults, etc.) — read-only
+  // Persona metadata (id, listener config, harness tier defaults, etc.) — read-only
   persona: PersonaSpec;
 }
 
@@ -254,7 +253,7 @@ export function handler<I extends IntegrationKeys>(
 Implementation notes:
 - `handler(...)` reads the persona JSON adjacent to the entrypoint (workforce bundles them together). At cold-start it:
   1. Calls `agent({ workspace, schedule, watch, inbox, onEvent: shim })` from `@agent-relay/agent`, mapping `persona.integrations` to `watch` and `persona.schedules` to `schedule`.
-  2. Builds `ctx` once per agent boot: opens Daytona handle (if `sandbox: true`), wires Relayfile-derived clients, attaches memory adapter.
+  2. Builds `ctx` once per agent boot: opens Daytona handle (sandbox is on by default at deploy time; opt out with `workforce deploy --no-sandbox`), wires Relayfile-derived clients, attaches memory adapter.
   3. The `shim` reshapes the raw envelope from `@agent-relay/agent` into the `WorkforceEvent` discriminated union and invokes the user's `fn(ctx, event)`.
 - The user never imports `@agent-relay/agent` directly. Workforce owns the ergonomics. If the underlying SDK churns, we absorb the diff here.
 - The SDK doors stay open for power users: we re-export `agent` from `@agentworkforce/runtime/raw` so anyone who wants the lower-level surface can drop down. This matters for nightcto-shaped projects that outgrow the persona contract.
@@ -354,7 +353,6 @@ Direct port of the proactive-agents weekly-digest pattern.
   "cloud": true,
   "integrations": { "github": { "scope": { "repo": "AgentWorkforce/weekly-digest" } } },
   "schedules": [{ "name": "weekly", "cron": "0 9 * * 6", "tz": "UTC" }],
-  "sandbox": true,
   "memory": { "enabled": true, "scopes": ["workspace"], "ttlDays": 90 },
   "onEvent": "./agent.ts",
   "tiers": { ... standard codex/opencode tiers ... }
@@ -385,9 +383,7 @@ Direct port of the proactive-agents weekly-digest pattern.
     },
     "slack": { "triggers": [{ "on": "app_mention" }] }
   },
-  "sandbox": true,
   "memory": { "enabled": true, "scopes": ["session", "workspace"] },
-  "traits": { "voice": "professional-warm", "formality": "low", "preferMarkdown": true },
   "onEvent": "./agent.ts",
   "tiers": { ... }
 }
@@ -409,7 +405,7 @@ workforce/
 │   ├── cli/                          # add `deploy`, `login` cases
 │   ├── persona-kit/                  # extend PersonaSpec schema (§3)
 │   │   └── src/
-│   │       ├── types.ts              # +CloudFields, +IntegrationConfig, +Schedule, +Sandbox, +Memory, +Traits
+│   │       ├── types.ts              # +CloudFields, +IntegrationConfig, +Schedule, +Memory
 │   │       ├── parse.ts              # extend parsePersonaSpec to read new fields
 │   │       └── triggers.ts           # NEW — known triggers registry (§3.7)
 │   ├── harness-kit/                  # no changes for v1
@@ -494,7 +490,7 @@ If a track slips, §10's fallback applies: ship `--dev` end-to-end with `weekly-
 Tasks that are mechanical, well-specified, and don't gate on my decisions — perfect for a codex agent spawned via `workforce agent code-implementer` or a similar persona:
 
 1. **Trigger registry expansion** — fill out `packages/persona-kit/src/triggers.ts` with the full set of known trigger names per Tier-1 provider (Linear, GitHub, Slack, Notion, Jira) by reading the Relayfile provider docs in `/Users/khaliqgant/Projects/AgentWorkforce/relayfile/docs/`.
-2. **Test fixtures** — generate sample `persona.json` files exercising every optional combination (with/without traits, sandbox false, multi-schedule, etc.) into `packages/persona-kit/src/__fixtures__/`.
+2. **Test fixtures** — generate sample `persona.json` files exercising every optional combination (multi-schedule, with/without memory, multi-provider integrations, etc.) into `packages/persona-kit/src/__fixtures__/`.
 3. **JSON Schema export** — emit a JSON Schema from the extended `PersonaSpec` for editor autocomplete. New script: `packages/persona-kit/scripts/emit-schema.mjs`. Wire to `pnpm run build` so it ships with the package.
 4. **Example expansion** — write a third example, `examples/linear-shipper/` (the paraglide pattern: Linear issue created → drive to PR), purely against the runtime substrate I land in §9.1.
 5. **README polish** — once the deploy command is real, codex agent rewrites the workforce README to lead with the deploy story.
diff --git a/examples/weekly-digest/persona.json b/examples/weekly-digest/persona.json
index 8f028f7..a127b25 100644
--- a/examples/weekly-digest/persona.json
+++ b/examples/weekly-digest/persona.json
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@
       "tz": "UTC"
     }
   ],
-  "sandbox": true,
   "memory": {
     "enabled": true,
     "scopes": [
diff --git a/packages/deploy/src/modes/sandbox.ts b/packages/deploy/src/modes/sandbox.ts
index 56d7f47..3c193a4 100644
--- a/packages/deploy/src/modes/sandbox.ts
+++ b/packages/deploy/src/modes/sandbox.ts
@@ -59,7 +59,12 @@ export const sandboxLauncher: ModeLauncher = {
       throw err;
     }
 
-    const sandboxTimeoutSeconds = resolveTimeoutSeconds(input.persona.sandbox);
+    // Per-persona sandbox tuning (`persona.sandbox.timeoutSeconds`) was
+    // removed in deploy-v1; the sandbox-client default (600s, see
+    // sandbox-client.ts) applies to every run. Persona-level harness
+    // timeouts (`harnessSettings.timeoutSeconds`) are honored by the
+    // harness inside the sandbox, not by the sandbox `exec` envelope.
+    const sandboxTimeoutSeconds: number | undefined = undefined;
 
     let stopping = false;
     const stop = async (): Promise<void> => {
@@ -149,14 +154,6 @@ export function resolveSandboxClient(
   });
 }
 
-function resolveTimeoutSeconds(sandbox: ModeLaunchInput['persona']['sandbox']): number | undefined {
-  if (sandbox === undefined || sandbox === true || sandbox === false) return undefined;
-  if (typeof sandbox.timeoutSeconds === 'number' && sandbox.timeoutSeconds > 0) {
-    return sandbox.timeoutSeconds;
-  }
-  return undefined;
-}
-
 // Re-exported for tests + power users wanting to compose the client manually.
 export {
   SANDBOX_BUNDLE_DIR,
diff --git a/packages/persona-kit/src/index.ts b/packages/persona-kit/src/index.ts
index 9730154..f2ca1e3 100644
--- a/packages/persona-kit/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/persona-kit/src/index.ts
@@ -32,14 +32,11 @@ export type {
   PersonaMemoryScope,
   PersonaMount,
   PersonaPermissions,
-  PersonaSandbox,
-  PersonaSandboxConfig,
   PersonaSchedule,
   PersonaSelection,
   PersonaSkill,
   PersonaSpec,
   PersonaTag,
-  PersonaTraits,
   SidecarMdMode,
   SkillInstall,
   SkillMaterializationOptions,
@@ -69,13 +66,11 @@ export {
   parseOnEvent,
   parsePermissions,
   parsePersonaSpec,
-  parseSandbox,
   parseSchedules,
   parseSkills,
   parseStringList,
   parseStringMap,
   parseTags,
-  parseTraits,
   resolveSidecar,
   sidecarSelectionFields
 } from './parse.js';
diff --git a/packages/persona-kit/src/parse.test.ts b/packages/persona-kit/src/parse.test.ts
index e201c44..a328443 100644
--- a/packages/persona-kit/src/parse.test.ts
+++ b/packages/persona-kit/src/parse.test.ts
@@ -13,13 +13,11 @@ import {
   parseOnEvent,
   parsePermissions,
   parsePersonaSpec,
-  parseSandbox,
   parseSchedules,
   parseSkills,
   parseStringList,
   parseStringMap,
-  parseTags,
-  parseTraits
+  parseTags
 } from './parse.js';
 
 function validSpec(over: Record<string, unknown> = {}): Record<string, unknown> {
@@ -66,9 +64,7 @@ test('parsePersonaSpec accepts deploy-v1 optional fields', () => {
         }
       },
       schedules: [{ name: 'weekly', cron: '0 9 * * 6', tz: 'UTC' }],
-      sandbox: { enabled: true, timeoutSeconds: 1800, env: { NODE_ENV: 'production' } },
       memory: { enabled: true, scopes: ['workspace'], ttlDays: 30 },
-      traits: { voice: 'professional-warm', preferMarkdown: true },
       onEvent: './agent.ts'
     }),
     'documentation'
@@ -77,16 +73,28 @@ test('parsePersonaSpec accepts deploy-v1 optional fields', () => {
   assert.equal(spec.cloud, true);
   assert.equal(spec.integrations?.github.triggers?.[0].on, 'pull_request.opened');
   assert.equal(spec.schedules?.[0].name, 'weekly');
-  assert.deepEqual(spec.sandbox, {
-    enabled: true,
-    timeoutSeconds: 1800,
-    env: { NODE_ENV: 'production' }
-  });
   assert.deepEqual(spec.memory, { enabled: true, scopes: ['workspace'], ttlDays: 30 });
-  assert.equal(spec.traits?.preferMarkdown, true);
   assert.equal(spec.onEvent, './agent.ts');
 });
 
+test('parsePersonaSpec rejects traits with the v1 migration error', () => {
+  assert.throws(
+    () => parsePersonaSpec(validSpec({ traits: { voice: 'concise' } }), 'documentation'),
+    /traits was removed in v1; personality is handled by the persona-personality-builder tool \(out of scope for v1\)\. See docs\/plans\/deploy-v1\.md/
+  );
+});
+
+test('parsePersonaSpec rejects sandbox with the v1 migration error', () => {
+  assert.throws(
+    () => parsePersonaSpec(validSpec({ sandbox: true }), 'documentation'),
+    /sandbox was removed in v1; sandbox is on by default at deploy time\. Use 'workforce deploy --no-sandbox' or runtime config to opt out\. See docs\/plans\/deploy-v1\.md/
+  );
+  assert.throws(
+    () => parsePersonaSpec(validSpec({ sandbox: { enabled: true } }), 'documentation'),
+    /sandbox was removed in v1/
+  );
+});
+
 test('parsePersonaSpec throws when intent does not match the expected intent', () => {
   assert.throws(
     () => parsePersonaSpec(validSpec({ intent: 'review' }), 'documentation'),
@@ -347,33 +355,6 @@ test('parsePersonaSpec rejects a non-object spec', () => {
 
 // --- deploy-v1 schema additions ----------------------------------------------
 
-test('parseSandbox accepts boolean shorthand and round-trips both forms', () => {
-  assert.equal(parseSandbox(true, 'sandbox'), true);
-  assert.equal(parseSandbox(false, 'sandbox'), false);
-  assert.equal(parseSandbox(undefined, 'sandbox'), undefined);
-  const obj = parseSandbox(
-    { enabled: true, timeoutSeconds: 600, env: { FOO: 'bar' } },
-    'sandbox'
-  );
-  assert.deepEqual(obj, { enabled: true, timeoutSeconds: 600, env: { FOO: 'bar' } });
-});
-
-test('parseSandbox rejects malformed objects with field-pointed errors', () => {
-  assert.throws(() => parseSandbox('on', 'sandbox'), /sandbox must be a boolean or an object/);
-  assert.throws(
-    () => parseSandbox({ enabled: 'yes' }, 'sandbox'),
-    /sandbox\.enabled must be a boolean/
-  );
-  assert.throws(
-    () => parseSandbox({ timeoutSeconds: -1 }, 'sandbox'),
-    /sandbox\.timeoutSeconds must be a positive number/
-  );
-  assert.throws(
-    () => parseSandbox({ timeoutSeconds: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY }, 'sandbox'),
-    /sandbox\.timeoutSeconds must be a positive number/
-  );
-});
-
 test('parseMemory accepts boolean + object forms and validates scopes', () => {
   assert.equal(parseMemory(true, 'memory'), true);
   assert.equal(parseMemory(false, 'memory'), false);
@@ -402,40 +383,6 @@ test('parseMemory rejects unknown scopes and non-positive ttl', () => {
   assert.throws(() => parseMemory({ dedupMs: -1 }, 'memory'), /dedupMs must be a non-negative number/);
 });
 
-test('parseTraits keeps only supplied fields and validates enums', () => {
-  assert.equal(parseTraits(undefined, 'traits'), undefined);
-  assert.equal(parseTraits({}, 'traits'), undefined); // empty object collapses to undefined
-  const t = parseTraits(
-    {
-      voice: 'concise',
-      formality: 'low',
-      proactivity: 'high',
-      riskPosture: 'balanced',
-      domain: 'engineering',
-      vocabulary: ['PR', 'diff'],
-      preferMarkdown: true
-    },
-    'traits'
-  );
-  assert.deepEqual(t, {
-    voice: 'concise',
-    formality: 'low',
-    proactivity: 'high',
-    riskPosture: 'balanced',
-    domain: 'engineering',
-    vocabulary: ['PR', 'diff'],
-    preferMarkdown: true
-  });
-  assert.throws(
-    () => parseTraits({ formality: 'extreme' }, 'traits'),
-    /traits\.formality must be one of: low, medium, high/
-  );
-  assert.throws(
-    () => parseTraits({ riskPosture: 'wild' }, 'traits'),
-    /traits\.riskPosture must be one of: conservative, balanced, aggressive/
-  );
-});
-
 test('parseSchedules validates cron, requires unique names, preserves tz when set', () => {
   const s = parseSchedules(
     [
@@ -568,11 +515,10 @@ test('parsePersonaSpec rejects non-boolean cloud / useSubscription', () => {
   );
 });
 
-test('parsePersonaSpec keeps boolean shorthand sandbox / memory through round-trip', () => {
+test('parsePersonaSpec keeps boolean shorthand memory through round-trip', () => {
   const spec = parsePersonaSpec(
-    validSpec({ cloud: true, sandbox: true, memory: false }),
+    validSpec({ cloud: true, memory: false }),
     'documentation'
   );
-  assert.equal(spec.sandbox, true);
   assert.equal(spec.memory, false);
 });
diff --git a/packages/persona-kit/src/parse.ts b/packages/persona-kit/src/parse.ts
index d5c1209..a56c745 100644
--- a/packages/persona-kit/src/parse.ts
+++ b/packages/persona-kit/src/parse.ts
@@ -23,14 +23,11 @@ import type {
   PersonaMemoryScope,
   PersonaMount,
   PersonaPermissions,
-  PersonaSandbox,
-  PersonaSandboxConfig,
   PersonaSchedule,
   PersonaSelection,
   PersonaSkill,
   PersonaSpec,
   PersonaTag,
-  PersonaTraits,
   SidecarMdMode
 } from './types.js';
 
@@ -395,9 +392,6 @@ const MEMORY_SCOPE_VALUES: readonly PersonaMemoryScope[] = [
   'object'
 ];
 
-const TRAIT_LEVEL_VALUES = ['low', 'medium', 'high'] as const;
-const TRAIT_RISK_VALUES = ['conservative', 'balanced', 'aggressive'] as const;
-
 const ONEVENT_EXT_RE = /\.(?:ts|tsx|mts|cts|js|mjs|cjs)$/i;
 
 // Standard 5-field cron: minute hour day-of-month month day-of-week. Each
@@ -572,39 +566,6 @@ export function parseSchedules(
   return out;
 }
 
-export function parseSandbox(value: unknown, context: string): PersonaSandbox | undefined {
-  if (value === undefined) return undefined;
-  if (typeof value === 'boolean') return value;
-  if (!isObject(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`${context} must be a boolean or an object if provided`);
-  }
-  const { enabled, timeoutSeconds, env } = value;
-  const out: PersonaSandboxConfig = {};
-  if (enabled !== undefined) {
-    if (typeof enabled !== 'boolean') {
-      throw new Error(`${context}.enabled must be a boolean if provided`);
-    }
-    out.enabled = enabled;
-  }
-  if (timeoutSeconds !== undefined) {
-    if (
-      typeof timeoutSeconds !== 'number' ||
-      !Number.isFinite(timeoutSeconds) ||
-      timeoutSeconds <= 0
-    ) {
-      throw new Error(`${context}.timeoutSeconds must be a positive number if provided`);
-    }
-    out.timeoutSeconds = timeoutSeconds;
-  }
-  if (env !== undefined) {
-    const parsedEnv = parseStringMap(env, `${context}.env`);
-    if (parsedEnv && Object.keys(parsedEnv).length > 0) {
-      out.env = parsedEnv;
-    }
-  }
-  return out;
-}
-
 export function parseMemory(value: unknown, context: string): PersonaMemory | undefined {
   if (value === undefined) return undefined;
   if (typeof value === 'boolean') return value;
@@ -658,56 +619,6 @@ export function parseMemory(value: unknown, context: string): PersonaMemory | un
   return out;
 }
 
-export function parseTraits(value: unknown, context: string): PersonaTraits | undefined {
-  if (value === undefined) return undefined;
-  if (!isObject(value)) {
-    throw new Error(`${context} must be an object if provided`);
-  }
-  const { voice, formality, proactivity, riskPosture, domain, vocabulary, preferMarkdown } = value;
-  const out: PersonaTraits = {};
-  if (voice !== undefined) {
-    if (typeof voice !== 'string' || !voice.trim()) {
-      throw new Error(`${context}.voice must be a non-empty string if provided`);
-    }
-    out.voice = voice;
-  }
-  if (formality !== undefined) {
-    if (typeof formality !== 'string' || !TRAIT_LEVEL_VALUES.includes(formality as 'low')) {
-      throw new Error(`${context}.formality must be one of: ${TRAIT_LEVEL_VALUES.join(', ')}`);
-    }
-    out.formality = formality as PersonaTraits['formality'];
-  }
-  if (proactivity !== undefined) {
-    if (typeof proactivity !== 'string' || !TRAIT_LEVEL_VALUES.includes(proactivity as 'low')) {
-      throw new Error(`${context}.proactivity must be one of: ${TRAIT_LEVEL_VALUES.join(', ')}`);
-    }
-    out.proactivity = proactivity as PersonaTraits['proactivity'];
-  }
-  if (riskPosture !== undefined) {
-    if (typeof riskPosture !== 'string' || !TRAIT_RISK_VALUES.includes(riskPosture as 'balanced')) {
-      throw new Error(`${context}.riskPosture must be one of: ${TRAIT_RISK_VALUES.join(', ')}`);
-    }
-    out.riskPosture = riskPosture as PersonaTraits['riskPosture'];
-  }
-  if (domain !== undefined) {
-    if (typeof domain !== 'string' || !domain.trim()) {
-      throw new Error(`${context}.domain must be a non-empty string if provided`);
-    }
-    out.domain = domain;
-  }
-  if (vocabulary !== undefined) {
-    const parsed = parseStringList(vocabulary, `${context}.vocabulary`);
-    if (parsed) out.vocabulary = parsed;
-  }
-  if (preferMarkdown !== undefined) {
-    if (typeof preferMarkdown !== 'boolean') {
-      throw new Error(`${context}.preferMarkdown must be a boolean if provided`);
-    }
-    out.preferMarkdown = preferMarkdown;
-  }
-  return Object.keys(out).length > 0 ? out : undefined;
-}
-
 export function parseOnEvent(value: unknown, context: string): string | undefined {
   if (value === undefined) return undefined;
   return assertOnEventPath(value, context);
@@ -718,6 +629,19 @@ export function parsePersonaSpec(value: unknown, expectedIntent: PersonaIntent):
     throw new Error(`persona[${expectedIntent}] must be an object`);
   }
 
+  // `traits` and `sandbox` were removed from the persona spec in deploy-v1.
+  // Personas declaring them must be migrated before they can parse.
+  if ('traits' in value) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `persona[${expectedIntent}].traits was removed in v1; personality is handled by the persona-personality-builder tool (out of scope for v1). See docs/plans/deploy-v1.md`
+    );
+  }
+  if ('sandbox' in value) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `persona[${expectedIntent}].sandbox was removed in v1; sandbox is on by default at deploy time. Use 'workforce deploy --no-sandbox' or runtime config to opt out. See docs/plans/deploy-v1.md`
+    );
+  }
+
   const {
     id,
     intent,
@@ -743,9 +667,7 @@ export function parsePersonaSpec(value: unknown, expectedIntent: PersonaIntent):
     useSubscription,
     integrations,
     schedules,
-    sandbox,
     memory,
-    traits,
     onEvent
   } = value;
 
@@ -826,9 +748,7 @@ export function parsePersonaSpec(value: unknown, expectedIntent: PersonaIntent):
     `persona[${expectedIntent}].integrations`
   );
   const parsedSchedules = parseSchedules(schedules, `persona[${expectedIntent}].schedules`);
-  const parsedSandbox = parseSandbox(sandbox, `persona[${expectedIntent}].sandbox`);
   const parsedMemory = parseMemory(memory, `persona[${expectedIntent}].memory`);
-  const parsedTraits = parseTraits(traits, `persona[${expectedIntent}].traits`);
   const parsedOnEvent = parseOnEvent(onEvent, `persona[${expectedIntent}].onEvent`);
 
   return {
@@ -856,9 +776,7 @@ export function parsePersonaSpec(value: unknown, expectedIntent: PersonaIntent):
     ...(typeof useSubscription === 'boolean' ? { useSubscription } : {}),
     ...(parsedIntegrations ? { integrations: parsedIntegrations } : {}),
     ...(parsedSchedules ? { schedules: parsedSchedules } : {}),
-    ...(parsedSandbox !== undefined ? { sandbox: parsedSandbox } : {}),
     ...(parsedMemory !== undefined ? { memory: parsedMemory } : {}),
-    ...(parsedTraits ? { traits: parsedTraits } : {}),
     ...(parsedOnEvent !== undefined ? { onEvent: parsedOnEvent } : {})
   };
 }
diff --git a/packages/persona-kit/src/types.ts b/packages/persona-kit/src/types.ts
index fff25a5..5d0048e 100644
--- a/packages/persona-kit/src/types.ts
+++ b/packages/persona-kit/src/types.ts
@@ -153,12 +153,13 @@ export interface PersonaIntegrationTrigger {
 }
 
 /**
- * Per-provider integration configuration. The map key is the Relayfile
- * provider slug (`github`, `linear`, `slack`, `notion`, `jira`). `scope`
- * is provider-specific filter metadata (e.g. `{ repo: "org/repo" }` for
- * github, `{ database: "<id>" }` for notion). `triggers` are flat — all
- * trigger events for this provider fan into the same `onEvent` handler,
- * which discriminates on `event.source` + `event.type`.
+ * Per-provider integration configuration — the "radio" listener part of a
+ * persona's listener surface. The map key is the Relayfile provider slug
+ * (`github`, `linear`, `slack`, `notion`, `jira`). `scope` is provider-
+ * specific filter metadata (e.g. `{ repo: "org/repo" }` for github,
+ * `{ database: "<id>" }` for notion). `triggers` are flat — all trigger
+ * events for this provider fan into the same `onEvent` handler, which
+ * discriminates on `event.source` + `event.type`.
  */
 export interface PersonaIntegrationConfig {
   scope?: Record<string, string>;
@@ -166,8 +167,9 @@ export interface PersonaIntegrationConfig {
 }
 
 /**
- * A cron-style schedule. `name` is unique within the persona and surfaces
- * to the handler as `event.name`. `cron` is a standard 5-field expression.
+ * A cron-style schedule — the "clock" listener part of a persona's
+ * listener surface. `name` is unique within the persona and surfaces to
+ * the handler as `event.name`. `cron` is a standard 5-field expression.
  * `tz` defaults to `UTC` at the runtime layer (the parser keeps it
  * optional so the spec stays close to what the author wrote).
  */
@@ -177,29 +179,6 @@ export interface PersonaSchedule {
   tz?: string;
 }
 
-/**
- * Long-form sandbox configuration. `enabled` defaults to true when the
- * object form is present; supply the boolean shorthand `sandbox: false`
- * to opt out entirely. `timeoutSeconds` caps a single handler invocation
- * (default 1800s in the runtime). `env` is merged on top of auto-injected
- * secrets at sandbox-create time.
- *
- * Image selection is intentionally not user-configurable in v1 — workforce
- * picks a standard image. Add `image` later if a real demand surfaces.
- */
-export interface PersonaSandboxConfig {
-  enabled?: boolean;
-  timeoutSeconds?: number;
-  env?: Record<string, string>;
-}
-
-/**
- * Sandbox can be specified as `true` / `false` shorthand or as the full
- * config object. The parser preserves whichever form the author wrote so
- * round-trips stay lossless; consumers normalize when reading.
- */
-export type PersonaSandbox = boolean | PersonaSandboxConfig;
-
 /** Memory scope semantics, mirroring @agent-assistant/memory. */
 export type PersonaMemoryScope = 'session' | 'user' | 'workspace' | 'org' | 'object';
 
@@ -219,21 +198,19 @@ export interface PersonaMemoryConfig {
 export type PersonaMemory = boolean | PersonaMemoryConfig;
 
 /**
- * Conversational traits, applied only when the agent posts to a chat
- * surface (Slack, Relaycast, GitHub PR comment). Headless agents — the
- * paraglide "Linear issue → PR" pattern — should omit this field. Mirrors
- * the trait shape in `@agent-assistant/traits`.
+ * A persona listens for events. Three listener kinds:
+ * - **clock** (cron schedules — {@link PersonaSchedule}, surfaced as
+ *   `schedules[]`).
+ * - **radio** (RelayFile integration events — see
+ *   {@link PersonaIntegrationConfig}, surfaced as `integrations.<provider>.triggers[]`).
+ * - **inbox** (RelayCast targeted messages — not yet modeled in v1).
+ *
+ * The current top-level shape predates the listeners framing; semantics
+ * are equivalent. `traits` and `sandbox` were removed in v1 — personality
+ * is handled by the persona-personality-builder tool (out of scope for
+ * v1), and sandbox is on by default at deploy time (opt out with
+ * `workforce deploy --no-sandbox` or runtime config).
  */
-export interface PersonaTraits {
-  voice?: string;
-  formality?: 'low' | 'medium' | 'high';
-  proactivity?: 'low' | 'medium' | 'high';
-  riskPosture?: 'conservative' | 'balanced' | 'aggressive';
-  domain?: string;
-  vocabulary?: string[];
-  preferMarkdown?: boolean;
-}
-
 export interface PersonaSpec {
   id: string;
   intent: string;
@@ -333,25 +310,14 @@ export interface PersonaSpec {
    * for each provider not yet connected to the active workspace.
    */
   integrations?: Record<string, PersonaIntegrationConfig>;
-  /** Cron-style schedules. Each `name` is unique within the persona. */
+  /** Cron-style schedules. Each `name` is unique within the persona. The "clock" listener surface. */
   schedules?: PersonaSchedule[];
-  /**
-   * Sandbox preference. `true` (default for cloud personas) means the
-   * agent runs inside a Daytona sandbox at deploy time; `false` runs it in
-   * the runner process. The object form lets the author tune timeout / env.
-   */
-  sandbox?: PersonaSandbox;
   /**
    * Memory subsystem opt-in. Wires the agent-assistant memory adapter at
    * runtime; the persona spec only declares intent, not implementation
    * details (api keys, adapter type, etc. come from workforce env).
    */
   memory?: PersonaMemory;
-  /**
-   * Conversational traits, applied only when the agent posts to a chat
-   * surface. Omit for headless agents.
-   */
-  traits?: PersonaTraits;
   /**
    * Relative POSIX path to the TypeScript (or compiled .js / .mjs) file
    * whose default export is the deploy-time event handler. Resolved
diff --git a/packages/runtime/src/index.ts b/packages/runtime/src/index.ts
index b4473cb..eb2df1c 100644
--- a/packages/runtime/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/runtime/src/index.ts
@@ -53,6 +53,5 @@ export type {
   PersonaIntegrationTrigger,
   PersonaMemoryScope,
   PersonaSchedule,
-  PersonaSpec,
-  PersonaTraits
+  PersonaSpec
 } from '@agentworkforce/persona-kit';
diff --git a/packages/runtime/src/types.ts b/packages/runtime/src/types.ts
index b4c7cd8..88bb94e 100644
--- a/packages/runtime/src/types.ts
+++ b/packages/runtime/src/types.ts
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ export interface IntegrationClients {
  * integration fields undefined.
  */
 export interface WorkforceCtx extends IntegrationClients {
-  /** Read-only persona metadata, useful for branching on traits. */
+  /** Read-only persona metadata. */
   readonly persona: PersonaSpec;
   /** Workspace the agent is deployed into. */
   readonly workspaceId: string;