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                        <h1 id="migrating-from-supervisor-to-systemd"><a class="header" href="#migrating-from-supervisor-to-systemd">Migrating from Supervisor to Systemd</a></h1>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> This guide assumes you are using a <code>sudo</code> user named <code>ubuntu</code> and UNIT3D is installed at <code>/var/www/html</code>.</p>
<h2 id="why-migrate"><a class="header" href="#why-migrate">Why Migrate?</a></h2>
<p>Systemd offers several advantages over Supervisor for managing UNIT3D services:</p>
<div class="table-wrapper">
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Aspect</th><th>Supervisor</th><th>Systemd</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><strong>Overhead</strong></td><td>Python daemon, socket communication</td><td>Native kernel integration</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Memory</strong></td><td>~20-50MB for supervisord</td><td>Already running (init system)</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Boot Integration</strong></td><td>Requires separate service</td><td>Native system integration</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Logging</strong></td><td>File-based</td><td>Journald (structured, rotated)</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Security</strong></td><td>Basic</td><td>Namespaces, sandboxing, cgroups</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<h2 id="1-create-systemd-unit-files"><a class="header" href="#1-create-systemd-unit-files">1. Create Systemd Unit Files</a></h2>
<h3 id="unit3d-announce"><a class="header" href="#unit3d-announce">UNIT3D-Announce</a></h3>
<blockquote class="blockquote-tag blockquote-tag-caution">
<p class="blockquote-tag-title"><svg viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="18" height="18"><path d="M4.47.22A.749.749 0 0 1 5 0h6c.199 0 .389.079.53.22l4.25 4.25c.141.14.22.331.22.53v6a.749.749 0 0 1-.22.53l-4.25 4.25A.749.749 0 0 1 11 16H5a.749.749 0 0 1-.53-.22L.22 11.53A.749.749 0 0 1 0 11V5c0-.199.079-.389.22-.53Zm.84 1.28L1.5 5.31v5.38l3.81 3.81h5.38l3.81-3.81V5.31L10.69 1.5ZM8 4a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v3.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.5 0v-3.5A.75.75 0 0 1 8 4Zm0 8a1 1 0 1 1 0-2 1 1 0 0 1 0 2Z"></path></svg>Caution</p>
<p>Only create this Systemd unit file if usings rust based unit3d-announce!</p>
</blockquote>
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/unit3d-announce.service
</code></pre>
<p>Add the following:</p>
<pre><code class="language-ini"># /etc/systemd/system/unit3d-announce.service
#
# Systemd service unit for UNIT3D-Announce

[Unit]
Description=UNIT3D Announce Tracker
Documentation=https://github.com/ReUnit3d/ReUnit3d-Announce
After=network.target mysql.service
Wants=mysql.service

[Service]
Type=simple
User=www-data
Group=www-data
WorkingDirectory=/var/www/html/unit3d-announce

# Environment file for the tracker
EnvironmentFile=/var/www/html/unit3d-announce/.env

# Main process
ExecStart=/var/www/html/unit3d-announce/target/release/unit3d-announce

# Restart policy
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

# Resource limits (adjust based on your server)
# UNIT3D-Announce is very lightweight (~50k req/s per core)
LimitNOFILE=65535

# Security hardening
NoNewPrivileges=true
ProtectSystem=strict
ProtectHome=true
PrivateTmp=true
ReadWritePaths=/var/www/html/unit3d-announce /var/www/html/storage/logs

# Logging - goes to journald, viewable with: journalctl -u unit3d-announce
StandardOutput=journal
StandardError=journal
SyslogIdentifier=unit3d-announce

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
</code></pre>
<h3 id="laravel-queue-workers"><a class="header" href="#laravel-queue-workers">Laravel Queue Workers</a></h3>
<p>Using a template unit allows you to run multiple queue workers:</p>
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/unit3d-queue@.service
</code></pre>
<p>Add the following:</p>
<pre><code class="language-ini"># /etc/systemd/system/unit3d-queue@.service
#
# Systemd template unit for Laravel Queue Workers

[Unit]
Description=UNIT3D Queue Worker %i
Documentation=https://laravel.com/docs/queues
After=network.target mysql.service redis.service
Wants=mysql.service redis.service

[Service]
Type=simple
User=www-data
Group=www-data
WorkingDirectory=/var/www/html

# Main process - runs one queue worker
# --tries=1: Retry failed jobs once
# --max-jobs=1000: Restart after processing 1000 jobs (prevents memory leaks)
# --max-time=3600: Restart after 1 hour (ensures fresh connections)
ExecStart=/usr/bin/php /var/www/html/artisan queue:work --tries=1 --max-jobs=1000 --max-time=3600

# Graceful stop - let the current job finish
TimeoutStopSec=3605

# Restart policy
Restart=always
RestartSec=3

# Security hardening
NoNewPrivileges=true
ProtectSystem=strict
ProtectHome=true
PrivateTmp=true
ReadWritePaths=/var/www/html/storage /var/www/html/bootstrap/cache

# Logging
StandardOutput=journal
StandardError=journal
SyslogIdentifier=unit3d-queue-%i

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
</code></pre>
<h3 id="laravel-reverb-websocket-server"><a class="header" href="#laravel-reverb-websocket-server">Laravel Reverb (WebSocket Server)</a></h3>
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/unit3d-reverb.service
</code></pre>
<p>Add the following:</p>
<pre><code class="language-ini"># /etc/systemd/system/unit3d-reverb.service
#
# Systemd service unit for Laravel Reverb (WebSocket server for UNIT3D Chat)

[Unit]
Description=UNIT3D Chat Server (Laravel Reverb)
Documentation=https://laravel.com/docs/reverb
After=network.target mysql.service redis.service
Wants=mysql.service redis.service

[Service]
Type=simple
User=www-data
Group=www-data
WorkingDirectory=/var/www/html

# Main process
ExecStart=/usr/bin/php /var/www/html/artisan reverb:start --no-interaction

# Graceful shutdown
TimeoutStopSec=30

# Restart policy
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

# Security hardening
NoNewPrivileges=true
ProtectSystem=strict
ProtectHome=true
PrivateTmp=true
ReadWritePaths=/var/www/html/storage /var/www/html/bootstrap/cache

# Logging
StandardOutput=journal
StandardError=journal
SyslogIdentifier=unit3d-reverb

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
</code></pre>
<h2 id="2-stop-and-disable-supervisor"><a class="header" href="#2-stop-and-disable-supervisor">2. Stop and Disable Supervisor</a></h2>
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo supervisorctl stop all
sudo systemctl stop supervisor
sudo systemctl disable supervisor
</code></pre>
<h2 id="3-enable-and-start-systemd-services"><a class="header" href="#3-enable-and-start-systemd-services">3. Enable and Start Systemd Services</a></h2>
<pre><code class="language-sh"># Reload systemd to recognize new units
sudo systemctl daemon-reload

# UNIT3D-Announce
sudo systemctl enable --now unit3d-announce

# Queue Workers (4 instances, equivalent to numprocs=4)
sudo systemctl enable --now unit3d-queue@{1..4}

# Laravel Reverb
sudo systemctl enable --now unit3d-reverb
</code></pre>
<h2 id="4-verify-services"><a class="header" href="#4-verify-services">4. Verify Services</a></h2>
<p>Check all services are running:</p>
<pre><code class="language-sh">systemctl status unit3d-announce
systemctl status unit3d-queue@1 unit3d-queue@2 unit3d-queue@3 unit3d-queue@4
systemctl status unit3d-reverb
</code></pre>
<p>View logs:</p>
<pre><code class="language-sh">journalctl -u unit3d-announce -f
journalctl -u unit3d-queue@* -f
journalctl -u unit3d-reverb -f
</code></pre>
<h2 id="5-remove-supervisor-configuration-optional"><a class="header" href="#5-remove-supervisor-configuration-optional">5. Remove Supervisor Configuration (Optional)</a></h2>
<p>Only after confirming everything works:</p>
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo rm /etc/supervisor/conf.d/unit3d.conf
sudo apt remove supervisor  # or keep it for other services
</code></pre>
<h2 id="managing-services"><a class="header" href="#managing-services">Managing Services</a></h2>
<h3 id="startstoprestart"><a class="header" href="#startstoprestart">Start/Stop/Restart</a></h3>
<pre><code class="language-sh"># Single service
sudo systemctl restart unit3d-announce

# All queue workers at once
sudo systemctl restart 'unit3d-queue@*'

# Or individually
sudo systemctl restart unit3d-queue@1
</code></pre>
<h3 id="scaling-queue-workers"><a class="header" href="#scaling-queue-workers">Scaling Queue Workers</a></h3>
<p>Add more workers:</p>
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo systemctl enable unit3d-queue@5 unit3d-queue@6
sudo systemctl start unit3d-queue@5 unit3d-queue@6
</code></pre>
<p>Remove workers:</p>
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo systemctl stop unit3d-queue@5 unit3d-queue@6
sudo systemctl disable unit3d-queue@5 unit3d-queue@6
</code></pre>
<h3 id="view-logs"><a class="header" href="#view-logs">View Logs</a></h3>
<pre><code class="language-sh"># Follow logs in real-time
journalctl -u unit3d-announce -f

# Show last 100 lines
journalctl -u unit3d-queue@1 -n 100

# Show logs since boot
journalctl -u unit3d-reverb -b

# Show logs for a time range
journalctl -u unit3d-announce --since "1 hour ago"
</code></pre>
<h2 id="troubleshooting"><a class="header" href="#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></h2>
<h3 id="service-wont-start"><a class="header" href="#service-wont-start">Service Won’t Start</a></h3>
<pre><code class="language-sh"># Check the full error
journalctl -u unit3d-announce -n 50 --no-pager

# Check service configuration
systemctl cat unit3d-announce

# Test the command manually
sudo -u www-data /var/www/html/unit3d-announce/target/release/unit3d-announce
</code></pre>
<h3 id="permission-issues"><a class="header" href="#permission-issues">Permission Issues</a></h3>
<p>The unit files use <code>ProtectSystem=strict</code> for security. If you get permission errors:</p>
<pre><code class="language-sh"># Check what paths the service can write to
systemctl show unit3d-announce -p ReadWritePaths

# Temporarily disable protection for debugging
sudo systemctl edit unit3d-announce
</code></pre>
<p>Add:</p>
<pre><code class="language-ini">[Service]
ProtectSystem=false
</code></pre>
<h3 id="queue-jobs-not-processing"><a class="header" href="#queue-jobs-not-processing">Queue Jobs Not Processing</a></h3>
<pre><code class="language-sh"># Check all queue worker statuses
systemctl list-units 'unit3d-queue@*'

# Restart all workers
sudo systemctl restart 'unit3d-queue@*'

# Check for failed jobs
php /var/www/html/artisan queue:failed
</code></pre>
<h2 id="see-also"><a class="header" href="#see-also">See also</a></h2>
<p>For further details, refer to the <a href="https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.service.html">systemd documentation</a>.</p>

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