techbase-python/lessons/lesson_15.html at main · techbaseng/techbase-python · GitHub

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Lesson 15: Python Functions, Arguments, *args / **kwargs, and Scope — Techbase Python</title>
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.se ul{list-style:none;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:.45rem}
.se li{font-size:.95rem;opacity:.93;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.5rem}
.ln-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:.4rem;background:var(--sf);
  color:var(--t2);font-family:var(--D);font-weight:600;font-size:.88rem;
  padding:.7rem 1.3rem;border-radius:8px;text-decoration:none;
  border:1.5px solid var(--br);transition:border-color .2s,color .2s}
.ln-btn:hover{border-color:var(--acc);color:var(--acc)}
.ln-btn.primary{background:var(--acc);color:#fff;border-color:var(--acc)}
.ln-btn.primary:hover{opacity:.9}
.ln{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;
  padding-top:1.5rem;border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25);
  margin-top:1.5rem;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.75rem}

/* UNLOCK BUTTON */
.ub{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:.5rem;background:var(--acc);
  color:#fff;font-family:var(--D);font-weight:700;font-size:.95rem;
  padding:.8rem 1.7rem;border-radius:10px;border:none;cursor:pointer;
  transition:transform .2s,box-shadow .2s;box-shadow:0 4px 14px var(--acs);margin-top:1.3rem}
.ub:hover{transform:translateY(-2px);box-shadow:0 8px 22px var(--acs)}
.ub:active{transform:scale(.97)}

/* TOAST */
#toast{position:fixed;bottom:95px;right:1.5rem;z-index:999;background:#1e293b;color:#fff;
  border-radius:10px;padding:.8rem 1.3rem;font-family:var(--D);font-size:.9rem;
  font-weight:600;box-shadow:0 8px 26px rgba(0,0,0,.25);
  transform:translateY(20px);opacity:0;transition:all .3s;pointer-events:none}
#toast.show{transform:translateY(0);opacity:1}

/* GO TO TOP */
#go-top{position:fixed;bottom:1.5rem;right:1.5rem;z-index:300;
  width:48px;height:48px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--acc);color:#fff;
  border:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:1.2rem;box-shadow:0 4px 16px var(--acs);
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  opacity:0;transform:translateY(10px);transition:opacity .3s,transform .3s,box-shadow .2s;
  pointer-events:none}
#go-top.visible{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0);pointer-events:auto}
#go-top:hover{box-shadow:0 8px 26px var(--acs);transform:translateY(-2px)}

/* CONFETTI */
#cc{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;pointer-events:none;z-index:998;display:none}

/* FOOTER */
.lf{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:1rem;
  padding:1.6rem 1.5rem;border-top:1px solid var(--br);background:var(--sf)}
.lf img{height:32px;width:auto;opacity:.7}
.lf-text{font-family:var(--M);font-size:.75rem;color:var(--mu)}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="l-nav">
  <a href="../index.html" class="nav-logo-wrap">
    <img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAMgAAADICAYAAACtWK6eAAA9y0lEQVR42u1dZ1QUSdeu6ulJzAADSjYACiIqCBgwBxRXzDmsaQ1rQjd8m0y75nXD+7qrmFYMq7iGVcygqJhWARVBRECCoCQJwhAndXd9P5zZF4cemIEBBujnHM+Rmu7q6q566t5bdeteiBACLR1lZWUWxsbGBYABAx2BteSXI0mSffLkyYCCgoJOTFczYAhSBW/evPHYsmVLYnx8/GRbW9sXTFczqAvwFig18EuXLm1+9OjRUoIgRKampnE8Hq+M6WoGrZ4gOTk53QIDA8+XlpY6AQAAhJDq16/fn0w3M2jVBKEoinX58uXNDx48+IqiKM6/+iOGSV1cXG4y3cyg1RIkLy/P+dChQ+eLiopcq70cjpdZWlqmMt3MoNURBCGEXbt2bU14ePhGhFC194AQUmZmZmlsNlvKdDODVkWQd+/e2QcGBgYXFBR4aLoGwzDpgAEDDjBdzKDVEAQhBG/cuPHNzZs3N1IUxavpWggh4eTkdI/pYgatgiBisdguMDDw3Nu3b/tq9WI4XmJubv6G6WIGLZ0g8O7duytCQkJ+JknSSNub7O3tH2MYRjFdzKDFEqSystIsMDDw9Js3b0bqem+vXr1OMN3LoMUS5NGjRx+fP39+l0KhMNf5pXC81NHR8SHTvQxaHEEqKirMDx8+fOr169cj61oHm80uNjExyWO6l0GLIkh0dPT0s2fP7quL1PjXYIGQ6N69+1UAAGK6l0GLIIhEIjE5evRoUFpa2rh6W/QQUh4eHmeZrmXQIggSExMz+e+//94nl8st9VEfhFDerl27GKZrGTRrgkilUuPDhw+ffPXq1Rh91svn8/OMjIzETNcyaLYEiYuLG3fq1KlAfUmNqujdu3cQ060MmiVB5HK50ZEjR46npqZORAjp/TQjhmFypYHOgEHzIkhCQsKoEydOHJHJZDYN9QwWi1VqY2PDHK8FAOQWSW0TM8u6nb6XNQ8BgHk4mj4e6Wl5tZO1MBXC+q3w5RZJbR8kvBt8MzbfDyEAR/S0vDawW5vb1ma83PrUjRCAqbnlTnHpJT1vxRaMQgBAH3eL6wNc29y3MeflNMV3hA0d1UQmkwmOHz9+JCkpaVpDv4yFhUX0t99+26s1E6O4XGE299fHF64+fjuY7neRgA3Orus7ysfdMqwudQ/+9u7z+IxSO011P/ptWBcnW2GyrnWn5pY79f7sdrK4QkH7e3d7k+zrmwd427bhZzXm92zQoA0JCQm+mzdvTmsMckAIKW9v76OtmRwpOeVO5jMuF2kiBwAAiCsUYMTaf65v+itxuy51n32QPd18xuUiTeRQ1e28JOzl/pB0f13q/iM0fbnT4jCN5AAAgPiMUju7eaGZd54XDG32EkShUPCCgoIOJSQkTKc7zNQgTMcw+ZdffulubW2d1ErJ4ey8JOylLvecWdN39rSBdidrnd1zyjs7LQlL0aXu6F3De3l2EkVrQ46lATF7dak7+9jo9o0lSfROkFevXvU7fPjwaalU2r4xBwiXy83bvHlzexaLpWht5EAIQPMZl6maZmCNg+24n51tDfo9QSKcPf58nb5pZfAEIz6XJdH0u0RO8o0mXazUtV6RgA0KTo5l4yxINBsViyRJ9okTJw7u27fvXmOTAwAArKysElojOQAAIDZd7E5HjuVjHANjdvv0LD4zTnRhQ7/xdPcevJa+sqa6L0bmTKIr9x/XaW9sgE+PtEOjHHYs6PYN3TVHb75ZXFPdx269WUBXvn1+t7WpgaMcUwNHOW6f320NnSoXl1Hi3mwkyJs3bzyPHDlypqysrEkiGEIIienTp8/r3bv3yfLy8jbXrl37evLkyeswDCNbA0GWBcQcPRCaPr9q2eY5rps2zHLZWLXsWXqJW0//W8/U76euTMY0rT71WHkzS93u2DrPdcO6GS5b1eru0dP/Vpz6TF98ZhzU2G9jgqs9M3id9+RJ/W3PVy07dD1j4eJdTw990C57k8y4PSM6GLQEoSgKO3fu3H93794d1YTkoFgsVmXnzp3/UZLVKzo6esnPP//8oKCgwLE1EOT0vaz56mVrpnfZql7m7mAa59FJVM1GK6lUmNZkHKuXfTu1yw6aup+bCtjVZvqaVDe6cnVyAADAQl/7I+plzzNKG0VLqTNBJBKJyY4dOx5FRER80ViGuCbpwWazi0UiURYAADx79mwSSZJG796989q5c2fEnTt3liOEYEsmCN1A1KSf93E2i6KzYTTZCHTlmuqeNaTdYZq20ZKvXEoI1Ms8O4uS6PsYoJ6OpmlN8W3rTJCff/75QVFRkVdTDw4Mw6Rdu3YNhRAihBAWHx8/iaIoHkIIl8vlliEhIf/du3fvZYlEYtKa7BKCRGxtpY0m8Dn0Bram2f/U3ayF6mVCHl6uaW5TL3iaKnahIytCAMa+KunUbAiSnp7uXVFR0dkwVnAQ5unp+TcA7wM7EARhrKYG8tLT08ds3bo1+cWLF6NaIhnG9bG5oV42ZVvkVfXBtj8kfRWdtDETsos11d21vXF+NQN9X+xh9bpvxxUMV6/bw1GUjLMgqWElSkxXvvGvxJ/Vyw6EVl9IWObncNhgCfLkyZO5tYXdaSywWKzK9u3bxwIAQFpa2gBN6p5MJrM6evRoyNGjR4+RJMluSQTZNLdrtVWkS1G5I+3mheSfuZc19/S9rHnu/rcylu+J2VXt3o+7bq2p7s1zXFfTDNi5Xp+FJ92IyR/zMrvM9fughF+Hr7l/i2YQ76yl7k3Vyv5K/KrX5+EvHqcU90vOLnNd/PvTM8v3xOxWv27xKId9BruKtWHDhgyJRNLREAaHqalp3IYNG9wBAGDXrl3hb968GVbbPTY2Nv+sWrXKl8PhSFoCQRAC0GzGZaqkDvsglcETBHwuq7ImY7rtrCsKXes2FbBB8elxWE2+WXXdB+nW0ST7+Z4R7evrU9YgEqSsrMxSLpe3MYSBgWGYvFevXqcAeL8Pk5eX56LNfbm5uQN37tx5k6IoVksgCIQAZRz5yEzX+/5e03dmTeRQGeRPfh+mszr9+LdhzrUNYD6HJQn/cdBwXesO2zKwb2OQo04EycjI6EuSpNBACFLp6up6HQAACgsLHdTtj5pQWFjoHRUV9XFLUbNEArY4NXCU1obs32v7zpg60O60Ntd2thGmpQT6ak2S5IO+XZxshVq5pgxzs7h9bp33FG2lUvJBX2fbNrxsgzXSnzx5YjCDCsfxMhsbmyQAAEhJSRmsi12EEMJCQkI2y2QyQUshSScbwavK8xOMVoxxPKjpmvF9bcKyj/vZTR1gd0aXujvbCNOKz4wzq8k4XjHG8WDR6XHmunrzTu5vG5xz3M+mh73pa03XLPNzOJx73M9IW+I1iQ2CEMI2bNiQ0RSuJNXVCkhZWFhEfvPNNwMAAOCnn356VFBQ0FtXFW3u3LmTe/To0eIOWREkwuNfl3QrLleYIwQwkZBd3LWdcWJNvlHaQiIn+ZFJRf0QAhBCgEQCdrFLO+MkfdUd9bK4D0AIIgBg+7b8THsrQUZj+F3RTsK6XFxUVNRBoVAYhP0BIZR7e3sfA+D9ScXS0lKd3Q4oiuLcu3dvcUskCM6CRE9H0bOGqJvPYUmGuVmEN1TdQ3u0vWso31EnFSs1NXWwLvFxG9j+kDo7O99VGt3dSJJ+11cLW8RRoVBwAQMG9SVIVFTUPENpOJvNLrGwsHgFwPuDWXUlLoSQakl2CIMmIghBEJz8/HwXQ2m4paXlSxaLJQcAgIiIiPl18QfDcVyMYZhUIpEYM0OBQb0IolRFTA2l4X379j0GwPtYvnW1i9hsdjGO42VSqZSRIAzqR5CkpKQRhrL/geO4uHPnzvcBACAzM9OTIIg6OSJCCAkWiyXlcDhMHkMG9GNN2wsfPXpkMPsfbDa7xMzMTOXePrEu6hWGYXKl6ijcdCTyyDtgw2GzsAoMAwoMQhIAQGEQkhACCkBAQQAQhIACAAAI4PvEPFru5kIAqP+R8v09VepQ1qks/98zUJUKdEsEhN5PfAi8d/NH6MOJEGqoT/06TddXvQ5V8cqFdQgYrqnuf+tVbxMElLuD6dOlox32NMZuulYDSyaTCUpLNUezaExACAlnZ+dbEEIKIQSfP38+sa71AAAwgiBMwuILvNLKScCg2eATikL4irGOvxmEipWbm9tNoVCYGcKXwTBM7unpeRYAAEpKSuzqahdBCOXKMyNtywkOM+SaGVbui91pMDbI8+fPJxiS/1WHDh2eAPA+ggpFUXVe3kUIYSTCqDypkBlxzQx+vazvGQxBYmJiJhrKh+FyufnGxsYFSrtofl1j/CKEcIQQXkSaljDDrXnByVZYenZt39EGYaRXVFSYS6XStobycTw8PC4AAABJknhWVlbPutZDURSHx+PlzPUbvn37WtfbAAKkm5EJdTIQYT1OxWvjLldb/ciA8m2pt1WXthnz8bLG9MuqlSCZmZme9UmJpmfpkefm5nYRAACKiorsdXFvp5EgHBzHxZ49ulzn8zmlzLzMoE4qVmxs7JSmjFqiAofDybezswu3t7d/DAAAycnJQ+pjF0EI5VZWVvF8Pp8hB4O6S5CEhASfphXHkOLxeK99fHx+GTp06H6gVIMiIiIW1yfHCI/Hy/Tx8fmDGQIM6kwQsVhs15TLu2w2u8ja2jpi3rx5y1Qbg3K53CgoKOhgXl5en/rUzePxcu3t7aOZIcCgzgR59erVAIIgmsT+4HK5uYMHD/6vr6/vfyB8bxC/fPlyWFBQ0JH6Boxgs9mF3t7epzAMo5ghwKDOBHn8+PGshkiVVpvUaNOmzfP58+cvsrCwSAMAAIIguKdOndodHx8/o65+V/8aXRgmFwqFyf369TvBdD+DOhNEuYzq0dhSo3///nv8/Px+hPC9r1JGRkbfQ4cOndZHmCEcx0t5PF5W3759jzPGOYN6EaSoqKhjY7m34zheamZmFj9v3rwlNjY2CUqCsoODg39+8uTJYn3s4uM4LubxeG+FQmHykCFDjjBdz6BeBElOTh5KEISooRvA4XDy+/Tp88f48eM3YRhGAABAdna22/79+y/pKzgdm80u4nK5+TweL3vAgAHH2Wy2jOl6BvUiSGRkZIMer8UwTGpsbJw8b968hR07dowGAACKolihoaHr7t+//3/1tTVUUEZ/f8dms4uMjIze9OnT5zLT7QzqRRCFQsEvLi52aEBDvLB79+5nZ8yY8RmO43IAAMjLy3M+ePDgebFY7Kpv9Y3FYskwDJONGzfuQNDt7JUb/0rYmZFXWa96XTsY5+1a6j7fp6fldUPpzNwiqe2KPTGHLkTmftRSB6xIwAY/Ley+fMkohwONcR6ENi5WZmZmz4CAgPv69uBV2QGzZ89epopIghDCbt68+eXNmzd/aAiPYT6f/5rD4RQ6ODhECjoNj5u8NfKAPuvPOe5n11Q5vKuiPrkEmyO2zHXduH6my6aGfg7tEm5iYuIofQ9WNptd1KVLl4tr1qzppSJHcXFxu//85z8Prl+//ktDkEO5EkaJRKLkmTNnfnn05uv/0/czHiS8G2QIAyY9r8IRtCJsOJ6wsclUrKioqDl6sjPkOI6LcRwvmzp16udubm5XlFID3r9//9OQkJAdDbkQgBDC2Gx2ySeffLIKx3G5dxfz65cic531+QxHG0GqIQyYzAJJe8Cg4QkilUqNKysrrfVBDhaLVd6+fft/FixY8Ilq36GiosL80KFDZzIzM4c0tBMkj8fLnjt37qdCofAdAAB8N63LZ0/TxN5n/8nurY/6N89x3aRNLvBGAmSGcyMQJCcnp0d9ZnUIIaE0jCWjRo3aOGjQoEDVb48fP54RHBwcQBCEeUPv0LNYrPIRI0Zsc3BwePy/tgH095q+fVpL597aPmjEcHeLWy3hXVbtf7Yn4HLaiiYnSFxc3HhdZ3bVrrfSEC+1tLSMWbhw4RxTU9O3Kql0+PDhkxkZGT4IoQY/AM5iscqHDx++eejQoftaCxkQjQRprBwajbMI0TQZzaoRITo6erouahSEUF7FEC+eNGnSl15eXueA0i09ISHB56+//jpCEIQpqGfaaW3bNHz48M2jRo36pak6s7hcYQ4BQDorPcrhzGVjstoS22hngwGspRCk6iTcZAQpLy9voxzItapRGIZJlaFzAIZhcgsLi+dLly6dZmRk9EFCSIIgeMpc5hLVOfAGlByVPj4+P/j6+v7aFB8zJafcuc/nt1+KK+q/2urawTj/WcAIu6YK+89AOeFW/ePNmzdetSWhwTBMqvqH43gZm80u9vX13fj555+PVCcHAAC4ubld/fbbb72srKyiMQyrfD+z6d/+4HA4+bNmzfq4qcgBAAD6IgcAACS8KbP88czL9fXXvBjoTYI8e/ZsglI6yCmK4tDN0FVVKoFAUDx79uxFHTt2fFLTQ4RC4btVq1aNvXnz5ufh4eHr9XnGHUJIdejQ4eaiRYtm0hG0sSCRk3x9kUOFt8VSW2aIGogEQQjBly9fDlepUHRqFQCAYrFYMhzHK7y9vffb29vfP3z48ImXL18O1mIgo5EjR+787LPPBvL5/HR96JRsNrto4sSJn/r7+3/UlOQAAACZgmJyjLRkgpSUlNjI5XJzkiSFmtQsDMOkAoEgx9/f32fChAkbhg4dGoBhmPz48eNBwcHBWwii9hCF1tbWiRs3buzi4eFxEMOwOgWNhhASLi4uZzds2NB5wIABh1QnDlszurYzTqj+nRgVS28qVnp6eh+CIER09oHSyC7v3bv34YkTJ67FMIwEAAAbG5ukdevWeV28ePGHmJiYj58/fz5+6dKl0wEAgMvlVpiZmWXT6cEsFksxe/bsZV5eXqeCgoKOauvWjmGYlMfjZX/yySdzHBwcIpvDB0ZXJ2u9lgXHBNd5QNuY83KcbIWlKTnlJgC8zwg7qFvbey1loDb2ydZqBHnw4MESTXYHn8/P/uSTT2bT2Ro4jsunTJmyrlu3bjdOnDhxNCAg4IZyr4Py8vI6Mnny5HWaHt6lS5c7GzdudIqJiZly69atL8VisQNJkkLVSheEkIIQynEcL+vUqdO9YcOG/WZvbx9loBJD7zvZUIeo7hAC9PIPX1F4XMEIDAJyULe291rYChhsMoJQFIXn5eV1VcWrrTL4S7t163Z21qxZy1Vu6Zrg4uJy54svvhj866+/PkYIYRBCGBsbO8PPz+9HHo9Xruk+Foul6NWr16levXqdKi8vb1tYWOig+hgsFktuYmKSLxQKC1gsVqvxVK0HoZCPu8UN5kvomSBFRUXtSJIUYBgmJUnSCEJI8Pn87Dlz5sx1dna+r21lJiYmeVwuN18ZKogiSdLoxx9/jJ41a9ZSFxeXO7XdLxQKC4VCYSHTLSq1ouVs9DXXb4EBAEBKSspACCHCMEzK4XDynZycLqxfv76rLuRQShzZqlWrRltaWj7hcDiFGIbJCYIwDQoKOhYcHLxNGyO+MSCRkXyHhdcQHBOMRq77J0Yia5jMvRO8ba7V5/69V18t0dPgghv/StwBxwSjzSeTthFk00fK1PkdAGg6G+Tx48czMQyTslis8qlTp37m5uZW57zh5ubmWatXr54IAID//PPPguvXr29ACHGio6MXZWZm9ly1atV4lZHfROQwsp0bUqHas7gZm9/Tdm5IRU6QnxGfw5LUtd5Xb6ufx2jXlv+63u2Vk/z6tEsiI/m2c0MqVe/7Q1DC2p3nU9bW931bCzCFQsETi8V2dnZ2j9auXetRH3Kok37gwIFHVqxY4Wdubp4KIZQXFBT02LJly9OkpKRhTWF0qZNDBXGFAtjOCamUyOuWax0AACITi6odnBrubnlTlzqW+TlUi7YSmVTUT1/k0Of7thq7Ljs72yU9Pb33gAEDgkADuSYQBMHNyspyO3r06FGVr5e5uXnq7Nmzl1pbW79sjBetlJFGdjTkqAqRgA3qMrNqOu6afNDX2clWmKJtPeHPCnx81t6/qd6motPjMF33NFJyyp2dl4TV+G3r+r5NgaUBMcf+CE2f+8EMrMMSep0liI2NzcsBAwYcBw3ot4PjuMze3v7xd99917dt27YvEEJYQUFBj4CAgBtHjhw5LJU2bIonbchRdWbNLdLexQMhAKdsiwxRLzcVsEFnG6FOpw37uZg/pGvTttNJ3+tST0ya2LM2cjCSREuCNOaeAo/HK/f39x9vZWX1hMViVSgUCrPExMRZ27ZtiwsLC/uCoihWU5Hjg0EzNyQ7JafcSRtyTNjy8MalqNyR6r8FfuY5Q9dZn89lSZaPcQxUL99wPGHj1lNJPyAtHOj3h6T7e64O1/qUY3MhSdVMwY2+itWoqwI4Llu9evUEd3f30ywWqxIhhEskEodbt25t3rJly1OlXxdsaHKM7W19u/jMOHNTAZv2XuclYcl/XEtfRrfigxCA4c8KRpjPuExdjnrrQyc9pvS3+7subd4+v9s3dOUbjidsNJ9xmbodV+Cj3iaEAEzJKXd2W3nzzfI9Mbvp7jcVsEHxmXHm4/rY3NBIEhkjSaoREzVdbi54//79RaGhodsUCkVb1QYlh8PJt7S0jJ05c+Yqa2vr5AYhRx/rW5e+7z8SQoAkcpJvMyeksqQGCTO+r80NG3PeW4QAzCmStL/y6O2Qmp5d31BAt+MKhg1fcz+8tus+/cghSJv2mArYIPe4nxGfy5IgBODkrZFXLkTm+KlfZy7kEFnHRpvwuYZnkywLiDl6IDR9fmPbIE1JEAAAAE+fPp107ty5PTKZzKZqOZfLzXVycroya9asL7hcbkVDkOPf1R4tSKK1cXzQ16mzrbDekU4OhKYvXxYQs7e+9SjJIah6QhEhACdvi7x8ISJnjPr1bYw58sw/R4sMjSRNRZAm36n19PQ87+/vP1zdBV4mk9kkJCTM37Fjx8Nbt24t1dZZrSZyjOtjc0OdHAAAwOewJIUnx7LH9ra+bQjkAACApaMd9u1b6eFfnzomeNtcKzw5lq1+fBdCgILXeY+j28h8VybntJ8fKmbULQMhCADvvYK/+OKLwdbW1g+rkoSiKE55ebnrnTt3vv3pp5+upaWl9amPzXHx+36jNBnOOAsSl37o77Nnec8vdG3/ijGOByvPTzDSFzn+nTX9HPbkHPez0WQn1Wis+3usOL++n58mh0UIATq/vp+fJpK0mxda2lAeBnVSdWDTGOlNrmJVBUEQnN27d1/Jzc0dou5ZjON4KZ/Pf2NlZfV4/vz5n6vn96iUkQK7uSHldOQY09v67uUf+g/TdlWJIBF+8FrG8jV/xu/SpHaZCtjg54U9lk0fZHdaJGCLG/K7IATgs/QSt00nErfT2Q5VsWlO1y1fT3b+UVsVCSEAJ22NCLlIE8/XkGyS5XtiDu8PSf+k1dkgdCQ5f/789ujo6EXq8bkghBSO40Xm5uZRy5YtW2BsbFwIAAAKErEtZ12Ra1KrapIctUEiJ/nicoVZUlaZCwAAuLQzTuRzWZKGJkVN5C0okVkkZZV1VS77QgAA8OgkijYTsovrSkBNJOlub5IdFzCifVMfvmoqghic0xqO4/Jp06Z9hWGYLCYmZr5MJrNR2R8IIYwgCJFCoTBVKBT/HnF9mlrcj44cbg6m6fUhh8o+4ZuzJIYQoFqlCtqY83JtzHm5elRf3qtbmyOuX3704Z5OfEapXdrbcsfONsK01miDGKxX55QpU9Y5OjpGXbhw4ZfKysrOKpJgGCbl8/mZ5ubm2apr7drQOwXGpZc4NGXnSmSkUXGFwiwps8z13otCn7fKHXoIlHYWBJS7g+nTLu2ECS7tjJMsTLn5TXXIKTW33EmdHFUkTKt1uzdot2cPD49LVlZWqYcOHTpWVlbWDcMwuampaczy5cs/rXpdu7b814O6tUm//+JdtZwmTovDUnX1iaqPrZCaW+504nbmot8vpn6j5e79B2qDRydR8tLRDruGu1vccLIVJjfGdw5/VjDCZ+39G5pWwnR1mWlJMDgbhA5SqdR47969hyiK4syYMWN9+/bt4+kG58j1/zy9FZvfk66O5IO+XRpqwBWXK8x+v5T67aYTid/qs15VspiFI+0DG0qy7A9J99e0+z7R2zYkeL33WEMI/sAY6doZ8GwcxxU1zeC+6/+JvhmbT5udN/uYXzvbNrxsfbUn553UbvPJxB8PqHmZNgRWjHEM3DrP9VszIadIX3X+/U/2zOk/Rp3UJDnOr+/nZyiRUVrtRqGOBryiNmMzbOtAr5EelrTOet2W38hCqP5+XgSJ8KW7Y47bzQvJagxyAADA3quvFpvPuPLuQGj6Sn28Q3G5wkwTOcb3tQkzJHIwNog+RSIE6PqWgb3HbHxwL/RJ3sCqv4krFO9VijEOu+ta/9M0sZfX6vAn2lxrKmCDLyd13jK4W9vwLu2MX9LtJ7wrlbfJKpTY3X9ROOzX4JSNtbm7LAuICVhzNH5X/N6RHeojDT/Z+eSUoatVjA3SwAZz9xU3sxPelNqo/6a4NImtq06PEIBbTiVt/iEoocZ4ua4dTHIDlrt/7O1iHlmXg0gSOckPfZI3etNfib/GpZfUmEg1eJ33lEn9bYN1Vg2LpLZ2c0OqkcvDUZQcvWu4iyGSg1GxGkCS/PPLkG50vz1/XdJdp0ErI/mTtkZcq4kcK8Y4Hiw+M87sxb4RtsPcLG7X9ZQen8OSTO5vG/wswMcxJdC388qxjhqTjk7eFnlu0tbIq7qqXH+EvlpNVx6+Y5A3IzlaCUEAAMBMyC7e7+9RLSvRoesZS3Uhh+3ckMqLkbm+miRG9nE/uz0ren6q7931zjbCtIDlPZflHPez6WFvSrvXcyEix2/K9sjLupDk94tp1VbbDqzyXCYSsIsNtS+bKqpJi98AGt/X5qJ62Z4rr5bpQg5N+xnn1nlPi987ws62gXfZbcx5b58F+DicW+c9je738w9zxkzeGhGiDUkIEuEajgFcNmiNoIlOFOItnSB1dRFBCMC+X9Ln+zAVsEHi/pGNmh8dQoAm97c9m3Pcz9bd/1ZyQYnsg3P8FyJzP5q8LfJK8LqaDexyKWFMV64NyVNyyp1/PZeyoWqbqnoFANWOu5rnLawS76CqV65qhx5pOkGKAEYhxMIgJP++n/0xQxADwoQtD288zyhtT0cO1em8JiJ87uujH1nSHfC6EJHjF3g949MlH9kf0Pdzc4qkttoEgmBskFaAv//Jnkl31ryno2lKblDTkaOqIZ8b5GdkbsypFi/5091P96fklDvXrM7rjj9C0/1b41ho8QShC+HTy8ksTtP1mjbQTAVs8Pi34a6GEkOKz2FJso6NFrU14VZL9un9xZ0XmsKLalpIEFcoRDU9r1tHkzgDsy3DGILoARcicqoZtpP62ZzRdP2wNfdod+EzjnxkbmjpBPgcliTiP0Pc1cuLyuX4jr9fakw74drBpJqrfEya2KOmZ00dYHd6dC+rfwzhvU0FbHDquz4TG8X2a6kbhaoVG10iHmryag3/cZDPMDeLcEN9z/MPcyZN3hZZbcOw6PQ4c7pDVOceZE+buj3qjJpkAQUnx9a6gSqRkXypguLB2heVtRlYUNd7uGxM1phSvMUa6QgBOG175GW62YfOfVsZIbEaOZaPcQw0ZHIAAMDEfrYX3BxM09V33jccS/gpYIX7p9UWILxtz9OoWODns8nfrZ3RZWuNUovLkhhiWCBGxdKRHJO3RoRcoDlCen6993C6ZdA7zwuG0S3pagrkZkiAEKC7Pw32VC/fczVtibhCYVZtVmRBYt9Kj1Xq5euOvdiyev+zPfpwhmQIYqCISRN7mM+4TNGRY6K3bchQNwva0D7/Fxi3X71sv7/HCkPeXVY3vunClu6+lPYZ3fVLRzvsoYuWsvty2grzGZepO3EFw5jQP83EBpHISP6ft94sep5R4g4hJJXKK1LOnhQAAGS9k3Q8/7B6ILSqqlWuhkjmmpz36uLU2JQQVyhEZtMvVyM0dWUybXR4Te9dXSWzCbM152chACBQO34LISDXzezyg10bflZLJIjB2yAEifCa3D20XfXIrSHM//mHObPUy1aMcTzY3JJgigRscfeOJpnxrz/c4Ix9Je7p0UkUo369rTkvJ+Wgr5PTkrAajyNr8kNTYV/Iq4WaFgQYFauBcS++cEh9yOHmYJqeW0sOjPXHXvyqXvb5xM6/NMcO/fP/ek1ULzt4PWOFpus72wpTK4MnGHVtb5xfT9XWk7FBmkgNrKvUuL1j8NDY3T6daiKHRE7y6QjYXAMVuNmbVtvQ23f11eKa7uFzWZIX+0Za3/5x0LC6RHGsTz8xKlYjwlTABl9Pcdowc3D7k47WglfanG1IzCzrql62cqzj/uZ6LgJnQcK1vXFeQmaZlZp9YlbTggOEAA11s7hTfHoc9upthePJu5kfX4jImRadKtb27AxiCGIguP3joGFD3Szu6KOuqKTiAeplUwfYnW7OnbpibKef/PfF/ldNBfLQZj8HQoA62QjS1s902bx+pstmumtW7o39Q18ZeBkVqyF0LuVKlj7wLF3spV7WpZ1xcnPuVG8X82ouIe9K5Rb6qp+kEAe0EjQHglQT3QghvaVqO30vaz6NTl7ZnDvV0VpQzX669Sx/FGDQOiSIPkFnoDdVYGp9gcfGpNUnFaavWypBGLcHHUHnK/Ug8d0Ipp8YCcJAA+IzSu0aWA9mCMKg+aIe+xvVRUUTZXtiCKLtzNSIud2bI+hOE84c3O5P5su0FgmCEGzsAdacUCZRmDTkrN+aDP5Wr2LRnW0ulxLC5vxOabkVTuplNua8BvW2hS10J93wCUIjLSikPw8ALydRlHpZel6FfXPu1NTcChf1soGube/qbdBgUAFaCZqlKvHNkee/93Eyj1TZJxgE5HB3ixttjDkFXdoZv7Q24+Vq60s10LXtPfWyq4/eTvBwFMU21069EZM3Vr3MpZ1xkpbqE0zNLXe+FVvgG5de0jOnSNKuNnd3hiAGZqRHp4hdo1PErlXL9qp5rB5c7bn042Htj9d2wN+lnXGietl/glM2rp/psql5mmcAHg57PVW93FLEzavtvnMPsqcv2fX0VF2OFzDLvE2Euuq2S3Y9PWA06WLl+Yc5k2q6ji7HhrhCAejOcjcP9aq8mv3h7mCaVtPhr5wiqa35jMvUtB+jTtX17A1jgzQROlgaZdTn/snbIoOnbY86X1Mggo0fd92uXnbyTtac5tihJ25nLlAv+3521+80XZ+SU+5sNzckuz6H0gAAoL0F/w1DkCaAk60wefMc13qpO2cfZE+cuj3yoiaSzB7avtoewdo/43c1t+geBInwTX8lrlEvH+1ldVUDOZz0EW9305yuWxorI2+jazDNJXAcQSJcufwK/6f2/g+FpbI2cemlHgt/i/5bUxqzbfO6baCL+4QQgNjY4Gr7BPo8d9IY2Hc1fdWKvTG7qpa5OZimPwvwcVS/trbUDt07mmT+ttR9UQcL/msLU26BpmcKeXhZczu73yIJogtiXol7eq4Kj6HVt4/70aYtOBCavnxZQMzeqmUiARsUnR6HNYfThZqiSEbvGt7Ls5OoWjjVFXtiD+0LebWQrq4nvw/v49VZ9BgwaJkbhR6Ootic4352FqbccvXfxmx8SBsXa5Gv/UE6Y/1AaPqK5vDOP555+b16mamADTwcRU9p3kukiRzJB327MORo4QQB4H3inOtbBgyuJl3SxM65RdJqiT2V0QarhfhfvicmwNBXtGLSxB7fByVsUC8/v97bh076nbyTNVeT5GiptgRDEDpJ0kkUM6mfbbX4vJejcifQXb94lP0BOq9Xh0+uFRmqwS6RkXyftfef0Lx7kqYz6Gv/jN+lXubuYJrGSI5WRhAAAFg/y2VjNXvjWjptOE6cBYnz67196FStCVse3jA0kiAE4MyfHl0sLldU68fwHwf1p7tHXKEQ0Rnmh7/wmsHQoRUShC5O1NNUsYumwT7MzSJ8XB+bG9Wlzlufg9fTlxoSOSZtjbh2KSp3ZLUJoIaMtelvK2hzr3dtZ5zA0KEVEkTTEmRJpcJU0z3B67396FStpbtj9v1xLX1ZU0sSFTnofKQm97e9uGSU/R+a7tVkT7WmlAYMQbQDrIlUCftH0h5RXbo7Zt+krRHXmookEhnJ10QOUwEbBH3de1Yty9LMYTOGIP+DpsNPpkY1Ry6xNeflJB/0pU2GeTEy19d8xmWqsVe3UnLKnW3nhlRqIkdtMYiVxnusLt+JIUgLR1xGiTvdYNJm88/JVpiiiSTiCgUwm3656EBo+sqGliYEifDle2IPOy8J05i3Pfr34Z20SU0m5OFl2n4nBi2cIAgBuOi36GphRL+Z4rRe2zqcbIUpKQd9nTT9viwgJkCVcEbfRCFIhJ97kD2dPf68Yn/Iq09oJaFScnSyEbzS1iaji+S+6Lfo00xmqVZGkOCH2VNjX5V0Ui+fNqjdGV3q6WwrTM057merKTKIuEIBhq25H24+4zK1PyTdv7i8fqpXbpHUdsvJpM3s8ecVU7dHaYwT7OEoStZGrVLHnhU9Z6qXxb4q6XQ+ouajAa3SUG2pWW5Tcsqd6TxVTQVsID4zrk4zJUEifNLWiGtXHr31qe1akYANdnzS3b+Ps1mEg7Ug3dSILaZT65ROmMaxaeKep+9nzz11N/MTbVzPt81zXb9musv2uviJESTC2866oqBz6kw56OvU2bZ5pn5gCKI9OZycl4TRukxoSgGtC+48LxwycUvEnZKKxj+abSpgg8T9I2kdLnVB+LMCH5+192821DdiVKxmSA7/cZ326qPjh/Zoe7fw5Fg2ne9WQxLj9o7BQ4tPj8PqSw4AABjubnFrxRjHg3S/OS8JS07JKXdi6NHCJEhqbnknp8VhtOrB5P62F8+u9Z6kb9d1gkT44bCMxUsDYvY1FDEubOg3dEj3tvf03XblhmPIRZqMwEpJ0qW1Oy+2GILUJDkm9rO9GrzOe1xDnutACEBVZqYNxxPqHfBhy1zXHxb52gfqQ1rU1u6JWyKuXYqij1zS2tWtFkEQTYeFGoscdBBXKESxr0rc78UX+DxJFntfflTdZ0qFlWMdD1ib8XIGdWt7293R9Hljp19ACMDxmx/e0LT40NzSYTMEUcPTNLGn1+rwaqfmrERccW7QGPPmmm+wMaEgEZsz/ryc7reWmuK51RjpXWliWwEAQJ5YJjoUlrGEGf5a2CJbIm5q+t2YT7/7zkiQZoTghzlTp2yL/Jvut4OrPZcsHmUfqEt9EhnJD3nydlxQ+JtPLqgZsb2cRPFLRzvuHtvH+pKViJfXWBJKIiONrj5+O/7WswJf9Z31if1sQ+YO73BktJfVVV08cxECcNymh3euPn47mDHUWzBBAADgj9D0ZZpWk7QliURO8r8+FL9zz5U0rc5+iFSrTD30F/tWHblFUtulAU+PXY6qfYMSAABWjeu096eF3b+qbYcdIQAnbHl4Q1O9L//wdXG2E74ErRgtbqOQLjqJtiRJzSnv7LQkrE4rNpP7214O+qr3DH2eq0AIwG2nk37YcDzhh7rcX9OuuHL16jrdgSuGHC2YIHUlyR+h6cuXarhHW5gJ2VT2MT+hPkhCkAifsi0yRNMA1lqqrvJctuQj+wMMORiCaE2SwM88Fy/ytT9U5dqVywJiAvTxXHMhh8j7awy/Psuitak+9SGJckn39pVHb4cw5GjFBAEAgP0h6SuX76Ef+IGfeS5aONL+SE0qTG9ns9iDqz3nd+9o8oKFQVI5s7Ne51faf3Xo+e8XInLGaFK3zq3zHl/Xdq/cG3tQPVq9CivGOB78YlLnnzpZC1+pFgcIEuHPM0p6LNgZfS4uvcRBE0kWj7L/Y/zmh7euPHo7jDHIGYLUShJrM17R22KpuQZVbPEiX/vDNa1QpeaUdx749d3HeWKZSBf9vzaD3HZuSLWI89o4KSIE4B/X0pdpkpw1vS9DjlZKkNpIQkuOVZ5LFn+k3bKwRE7yjSZdrFQv9+gkSn66a3gXXds6aUtEqPqysrbHabVRLxly6IZWEbRhmZ/DHm09b3UhBwAA8DksydNdwz3Vy5URHG11aadETvIv0DgOZhz5yFyXQ1FLRzvsO+DvsZwhB0MQnUiy399jhT7JUUVaxHh1FsWrlydllekkQSISi6oFe1s51nG/phhXNeHT0Q77ayMJQw6GINVmVk0kqSs5VPhlUY9q0RrPPcjWKVrh6ftZ89XL1s5w2VLXNtVEEoYcDEE0kuTs2r7Tq5YFr/OeXB9yKKXI0/q2DdFk9K2vk+Cnox32q78vQw7GSK9d35eR/MiXRf28u5hH6GNjjy4Jj0jABsU6nH//dPfT4wevZXyQ+g1dnQz19b6JWWWubvamz1qr63pd0GqDhfG5LImm6Od1mmloloPFFQqDel+6RDoMGBWLAQOGIC0BLAwqmK/AqFitCrfjCoZDCCiAAAQQIIAARO8DZ1dLRvo4pbgv88UYgrQqDF9z/xbzFRgViwEDhiAMGheaYgEzYAjSLKG+IVdfnF/vPZz5qk2LVrtR2FBQBqMW/u/71qFT4Ps8HsyGHkMQBgwYFYsBA4YgDBgwBGHAgCEIAwYMGIIwYMAQhAGDeqFevlgkhVgYhFR9gzdTFMLkBMXmcVgyXetXpS5GCEEKAAxRCLIwSGIYpHRuB0LYu1J5mzIJYVJaSRiXVCpMOTiUmxpxSqzNuHlmQk5Rbe+K3m9joP/VCTAMAq3aghDAYJVrEQJQm29LEARHJpMJZTKZsUQiMVUoFDyEEMZisRRcLrdMKBQWGhkZiSHU/Zs0BSiKYpWVlVlVVlaKpFKpCZvNlnC53HITE5M8LpdbrktdCCEMAIAghKiW61TOoxAhBBFCkMViEfUiyO8XU9f9X+DzTQAAgEEIYB3OvlEIAYQAiPzvsL59u5g9UpUXlMgsLGdfrZbPm4VBQFI1j5k/v+y1cJ5PhyPaPF+qoHh/38+adTjs9fI7zwt61yhuIQSzh7Y7vWZ6l82uHUwS6MiKjQ2mIHx/raqdpWfHm9SWQkBcoTAzm365qOqzKIRqPFH45s2bnkFBQbtlMpklSZICkiS5CCFc9Q9CSEEI5SwWS8Jms4s9PDzO9evX709LS8u0+vT706dPJ4SGhn5DURSbxWKRFEWxMAyTfPXVV6M5HE5lXevNy8tzDgsL+y45OXmoQqEwQwhxEEKY8j0IFosl4XK57/r27XvMy8vrTNu2bdNrq/Pq1atro6OjZwAAKAghiWGYDMdxmYqIFEWxld+LpXoWQgjjcDjvvvvuO596EaRq4nkKIaDnJABQg9Sq9UYrM252bdfICYrz45mXGzb9lbhe271SCiEQdDtzRtDtzBnUlcmYptkdIQDIem7AUlrcL5PJTEpLS90IgjCp4TIjgiBEMpnM5v79+65RUVFLe/TocXbatGlf4Dgur0vbnjx5Mqe4uPiDCCwsFqsyJyenu729/aM6SAw8ODh4x5MnTxYRBCGqQVKayGQyq5s3b26/ffv2d05OTqELFiyYz2KxNJ6jIUnSqKysrPu/g+o90SqVz+VQFMX7YBLEMCmGYVIWiyWBECIDcndHUF81CXl4jWI4p0hq6/JpWHaZpNl7ckClCvFhoVKVovtNLpdbRkdHr8jPz3fy9/f3Y7FYOn0EmUwmyMzM9KIbiPfu3fO3t7efp6s6FRgYeDIlJWUyXXtrIIsoNTV1FEEQnJoIopQacoqiOFW+DaX6P4Tv3XlU5SwWq5LFYkk4HE55vW0QDNL7Cim1A50WANT14/rYNWwc09jpCW/KXLuvuPGi3h42ek6aA+smf6vdIxAI0p2cnEKFQuE7ldqSnZ3tSRCEKUmSRhRF8RBCeFZWlk9YWNhXo0eP3qHLA5OSknwUCoUZhJBA6MMJNikpaZRcLudzOBytg2CEhYV9k5KSMlGdHBBCQvmPUv6GqQa56ncMw2S1EVx5L1X1b1W7VaqoinMQwn9/Z7PZinoTpJ0FP23fyp7+lqbcXJVRjN6fmGPN/vnR3zLFhzahRydR/PqZLpuA0iAiKcSSKih+QYnM0tqM+1Z9cqR7pncX8xgFiQQ4C0ox1RFVhDCCROzCMrlFVqHEShO5yiSEsceqWzWSY6Brm+hRXlaXOlgYZRAUhecVy6weJRf3uxyVO+4D9U51QlBf8lMfJIOQat++feScOXNWqkkN/tmzZ39KTEwcL5fL26hIEhERsdjX1/c/Nc3A6ggPD/+SIAgRpJkcCYIQJScnD+vevXuINnVVVlaK7t2793lVokEICRMTk1QfH59fOnToEM1ms6WVlZVmYrG4XWJi4oiXL1+OkMlkbRBCHKUqpKh97gFAJUUghESbNm0SLSwsEtRWcikIIUWSJFZRUSFis98nUq0XQaYNtDul6TcumwXUCTKoW9u7k/vbnq3PMyP+O9RTF9uoKnp/Hp4qJ6ov5OAsCPat9Fg6z6fDUQ6OadTLX+dXdvghKGHrn7fezDUUvVR9tqRTUzgcjmTq1Knfbtu2bZRqZq6in1uIRCKtUk2XlZVZ5Ofn91DNvuqSn6IoTnh4+FfaEiQlJWWoQqFoW7Wsa9euFxYsWDATwzBS/XoPD4+zFEXhL168GHXu3LnfAQAKbVbmVOoThBAHAGATJkz4rkuXLuHarGo1qg2CQUA2imJOM7PHpZe4vcwqt1QvN+bj4NXhjyzamnAKa6u3o6XRm6Nf9po3bVC7MwZjuaFqdiStasvhcCRGRkb5MpnMUjlgCAAAplAoeNo+Ky4ubrxCoTBXDToMw6Q4jpcTBCFUkpOXk5PjVV5e3lYoFNb6PdPT0/tVJTSEkBg3btxaOnJUMaKJHj16XHVycrp3/Pjx3bqYO1XtEi1IhTR+zAac7mBTDaQFO5/QSq6Xf/jaaUOOqhjT2/pKAyTuhHW8R+s+VC5pcqosA8uNjIzE2t5/586dz6uu9lhYWCSOGjVqC4RQrprJCYIwefbs2RRt6isuLu6oaeauDTwer2zBggXLtZ80IaXrMxqfIAixmoIcFVJCEJNW4qRe/v0sl6015dto4sFfp1UsqGHhRCKRmFZUVNhSFMVTGbvGxsbZAoGgSJsHvXv3zr6srKxDVb4NGTJkp7u7+1kWiyVR7SEoibRam3fm8XilVduNEMJfvHgxWuvFGDZbh2y+7411pYqJDJQgTePaEv+6tAdd+cqxnXYDwwGqw4RTTYLQ2SAKhYJ36tSp3xUKRRvVbMrhcN5NnTr1/7R91pMnT2aq77e4uLiEmZqavjUxMXmNYZhcpcaUlJR0LiwsdKytThsbm+fqZaGhoTuePXs2QZdZvjZiqL5JTcvfmtDswv7wJl5ANMQDCpICl77vN25sH5sr1T76k7zxdIa5pYib3xhtjk4t9rS3FGR8oGoqB4BK7Xz1tqKTPiRIVlZW/5s3b35uZGRUTJIkOycnp9uLFy8mSKVSG9WmGISQGjBgwN5OnTo91HaQRURELKxaJhKJUo2NjQsAAKB///6Hrl69+otySRZQFMWJioqaO2bMmI011evs7HwHwzCpalVNqQbyTpw4cebChQuvvby8Tjg7O99t27ZtulAoLKjHLj2m/EdhGCY9efLkAS6XW4RhmEz1fhBCiqIoDMfx4q+//np8kxAEaumTVBPUV8Y+WGYk6VW4pKwyV/Wyga5toxrrvYd9d/92o6mTFRXtr127trO2AR8fHz+pc+fOd5ydne/VVmdOTo6rRCKx++D7DRz4b+bc7t27XwsNDd1GkqTqLD6IiopaMHr06M0YhlE1SJB4MzOzpHfv3vVUs5U4ZWVlTnfu3Nl4586df3e/uVxucc+ePf/29PQ83aFDh2htVSXlJPLv3odMJmsjlUqtlLYYhhDClTvociMjo7QmU7E07W3oCyRFT5DX+ZXVElt2sORngFaM/Pz8nocOHQr9888/j1IUVaNt+PDhwyUkSRqp/maxWOXdu3e/qvrbzMws28jI6IN9LKlUapWVleVR20rRwoULZ+A4Lq5tpY4gCJOKioqODx48+CogICBi27ZtCcnJyUN1VLVUG4MUhmFSCKFcxQGVr1eT2iD6kCA1QU4gLl35q9wKF/UyARevAK0cJEkaPX/+fP6ZM2d+r+Eadlxc3IQPvp1AkCUSibKqjr/+/fsfUZMCvDt37nxWWxusrKySV69ePVggELzWYbDjYrHY5eDBgzcuXbq0WVsVS0USiqJ4Kq8CiqL+XdUjSZJLURS/qv3T7GwQX0+rWwghNkW991alEMIpCsCSSrm1EReT0XaCGTczv0T2gY6fWVjZsSUOeh6PVzhkyJCfRSJRFpfLrSBJEpdKpcZ5eXnOL168GF1WVtZJ3diOjY39uG/fvsccHByqORpmZGT0UigUplWkR6W3t/dhdfXGzc3tQlhY2A9VnQ2TkpJGKRQKfm2rTba2ts83bNjgcu/evWW3b9/+SiaTWVR1K6mJKPfv319na2ub0KtXr1NafiLKysoqzsrKKq6KJKMghARFUSyZTMZt1kb69S0DRuh6T0dLwavnGaUfECThTZl7Y7U5YHlPf3sro3SlLgzVdvohAACk5JS7/F/g8x31fVb79u3/GTly5C90v02cOHFddnZ2jyNHjpwSi8X/2mUEQYiuXLnyw6pVq6rlfb97965/VdsCQih3d3e/qH5dmzZtXvN4vHcVFRVC1WytUCjavnz5UivXExzHpcOHD/9t6NChuwsLCztlZ2e7ZWVlueXm5nZ7+/ati0wma6NQKMzUiYMQwi5cuPBfDw+Pc7W4nVDKduF+fn7fu7i4aBUzuVEJ0lTLvE52gmQAwMgP1K63FW0JEuGNEZxtnk+HY1qcB7mrD4JgGFajb5Kdnd3zzz//fMiOHTtipVLpv4Z3QUFBF7lcblR1pUgmkwmUu914VdUpMjJyvkAgyK+ykgYBACwMwzC1wYjdunXrW21dT5TtJy0tLZMtLS2TPTw8/t3cVSgU/KysLPdLly5tz83N9aoqBeVyeZucnJzu7du3j6Gxc1RuJpQqBpw2O+nNVoLUBaM8ra7uPJ+6Ur08ObvMybWDSaIhtBHq6TSNNpuxQqGw0MHB4W5SUtJM1TIxSZJG5eXlbczNzf8lSHJy8mCFQmGmbls8fPjw8yoHs9Q3KqmqZbm5uW7aup7UBDabLXFwcIhcvXr1iF27dt3Mzs4eoJImFEVxcnNzaQlShSRV/6/1Hsv/A2mSUJ6BwS18AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" 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" alt="Techbase Consultant Services">
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    <div class="l-hero-text">
      <div class="badge">Python · Lesson 15</div>
      <h1>Python Functions, Arguments, *args / **kwargs, and Scope</h1>
      <div class="l-hero-sub">8 phases &nbsp;·&nbsp; Build: Project Goal</div>
    </div>
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  <div style="max-width:880px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 1.5rem"><div class="wb"><h2>👋 Welcome to Lesson 15</h2><div style="font-size:1rem;line-height:1.85;color:var(--t2)"><p class="v2-p">Imagine you are baking a cake. Every time a customer orders one, you don't invent a brand-new recipe from scratch · you follow the <strong>same recipe</strong> each time, maybe swapping the flavour depending on what the customer wants. That recipe is a <strong>function</strong>.</p>
<p class="v2-p">In Python, a <strong>function</strong> is a reusable block of code that you write once and run as many times as you need, with different values each time if required. Functions are the single most important building block of any real program. Without them, you would copy and paste the same code over and over · messy, error-prone, and hard to fix.</p>
<p class="v2-p">This lesson covers <strong>four closely connected topics</strong> from the W3Schools Python tutorials, merged into one smooth, progressive lesson:</p>
<div class="v2-table-wrap"><table class="v2-table"><thead><tr><th>Topic</th><th>What You Will Learn</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Functions</strong></td><td>How to create and call functions</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Arguments</strong></td><td>How to pass values into functions</td></tr><tr><td><strong>\<em>args and \</em>\*kwargs</strong></td><td>How to handle an unknown number of arguments</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Scope</strong></td><td>Where variables live and who can see them</td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<p class="v2-p">By the end of this lesson you will be able to write your own functions, pass data into them flexibly, and fully understand why variables sometimes seem to "disappear" · and why that is actually a good thing.</p>
<hr class="v2-hr"></div><div class="wm"><span>📚 8 phases</span><span>🏗️ Project Goal</span><span>🐍 GitHub Repo</span></div></div></div>
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<div class="phase" id="phase1"><div class="ph"><div class="pn">Phase 1 of 8</div><div class="pt">Lesson Introduction</div><div class="pc" id="chk1"></div></div><div class="pb2"><p class="v2-p">Imagine you are baking a cake. Every time a customer orders one, you don't invent a brand-new recipe from scratch · you follow the <strong>same recipe</strong> each time, maybe swapping the flavour depending on what the customer wants. That recipe is a <strong>function</strong>.</p>
<p class="v2-p">In Python, a <strong>function</strong> is a reusable block of code that you write once and run as many times as you need, with different values each time if required. Functions are the single most important building block of any real program. Without them, you would copy and paste the same code over and over · messy, error-prone, and hard to fix.</p>
<p class="v2-p">This lesson covers <strong>four closely connected topics</strong> from the W3Schools Python tutorials, merged into one smooth, progressive lesson:</p>
<div class="v2-table-wrap"><table class="v2-table"><thead><tr><th>Topic</th><th>What You Will Learn</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Functions</strong></td><td>How to create and call functions</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Arguments</strong></td><td>How to pass values into functions</td></tr><tr><td><strong>\<em>args and \</em>\*kwargs</strong></td><td>How to handle an unknown number of arguments</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Scope</strong></td><td>Where variables live and who can see them</td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<p class="v2-p">By the end of this lesson you will be able to write your own functions, pass data into them flexibly, and fully understand why variables sometimes seem to "disappear" · and why that is actually a good thing.</p>
<hr class="v2-hr"><div class="task-box"><div class="task-lbl">✏️ Your Task</div><div class="task-body">Practise what you just learned about <strong>Lesson Introduction</strong>. Open your editor, type the examples above by hand, modify them, and observe what changes.</div></div><button class="ub" onclick="unlockNext(1)">Start Lesson ✓</button></div></div>
<div class="phase locked" id="phase2"><div class="ph"><div class="pn">Phase 2 of 8</div><div class="pt">Prerequisite Concepts</div><div class="pc" id="chk2"></div></div><div class="pb2"><p class="v2-p">Before we begin, here are the concepts you must already understand. If any of these feel unfamiliar, take a few minutes to review them.</p>
<ul class="v2-ul"><li><strong>Variables</strong> · storing a value in a name (e.g., <code>x = 5</code>)</li><li><strong><code>print()</code></strong> · displaying output in the terminal</li><li><strong>Basic data types</strong> · strings (<code>"hello"</code>), integers (<code>5</code>), floats (<code>3.14</code>), lists (<code>[1, 2, 3]</code>)</li><li><strong><code>if</code> / <code>else</code></strong> · making decisions in code</li><li><strong><code>for</code> loops</strong> · repeating an action multiple times</li></ul>
<p class="v2-p">No prior experience with functions or scope is needed.</p>
<hr class="v2-hr"><div class="task-box"><div class="task-lbl">✏️ Your Task</div><div class="task-body">Practise what you just learned about <strong>Prerequisite Concepts</strong>. Open your editor, type the examples above by hand, modify them, and observe what changes.</div></div><button class="ub" onclick="unlockNext(2)">Phase Complete — Unlock Next ✓</button></div></div>
<div class="phase locked" id="phase3"><div class="ph"><div class="pn">Phase 3 of 8</div><div class="pt">Part 1 · Python Functions</div><div class="pc" id="chk3"></div></div><div class="pb2"><hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">1.1 What Is a Function?</h3>
<p class="v2-p">A <strong>function</strong> is a named, reusable block of code. You define it once, and then you can <strong>call</strong> (run) it as many times as you like from anywhere in your program.</p>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Real-world analogy:</strong> Think of a function like a vending machine button. The machine (your function) is built once. Every time someone pushes the button (calls the function), the machine does the same job and delivers a result.</p>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Why do functions exist?</strong></p>
<ul class="v2-ul"><li><strong>DRY principle</strong> · "Don't Repeat Yourself." Write the logic once, use it everywhere.</li><li><strong>Readability</strong> · Code broken into named functions is far easier to read and understand.</li><li><strong>Maintenance</strong> · If a rule changes, you fix it in one place instead of hunting through hundreds of lines.</li><li><strong>Testing</strong> · Small, focused functions are much easier to test and debug.</li></ul>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">1.2 Defining a Function</h3>
<p class="v2-p">In Python, you create a function using the <code>def</code> keyword.</p>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Syntax:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def function_name():
    # code that runs when the function is called</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Breaking down the syntax line by line:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-table-wrap"><table class="v2-table"><thead><tr><th>Part</th><th>What It Means</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>def</code></td><td>Short for "define" · tells Python you are creating a function</td></tr><tr><td><code>function_name</code></td><td>The name you give your function (use lowercase and underscores)</td></tr><tr><td><code>()</code></td><td>Parentheses · this is where inputs (arguments) will go later</td></tr><tr><td><code>:</code></td><td>The colon signals the start of the function body</td></tr><tr><td>Indented block</td><td>All code indented underneath belongs to this function</td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">1.3 Your First Function</h3>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def say_hello():
    print(&quot;Hello from inside a function!&quot;)</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote class="v2-bq"><p class="v2-p"><strong>Important:</strong> Defining a function does <strong>not</strong> run it. It just stores the recipe. Nothing appears on screen yet.</p></blockquote>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">1.4 Calling a Function</h3>
<p class="v2-p">To actually <strong>run</strong> the function, you <strong>call</strong> it by writing its name followed by parentheses:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def say_hello():
    print(&quot;Hello from inside a function!&quot;)

say_hello()</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Hello from inside a function!</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p">You can call the same function multiple times:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>say_hello()
say_hello()
say_hello()</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Hello from inside a function!
Hello from inside a function!
Hello from inside a function!</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote class="v2-bq"><p class="v2-p">💡 <strong>Think about it:</strong> What happens if you never call the function? Try removing <code>say_hello()</code> from the code. What do you see?</p></blockquote>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">1.5 Why Indentation Matters</h3>
<p class="v2-p">Python uses <strong>indentation</strong> (spaces at the start of a line) to know which lines belong inside a function. This is not optional · it is the rule.</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def greet():
    print(&quot;Line 1 – inside the function&quot;)
    print(&quot;Line 2 – also inside the function&quot;)

print(&quot;Line 3 – OUTSIDE the function, runs immediately&quot;)
greet()</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Line 3 – OUTSIDE the function, runs immediately
Line 1 – inside the function
Line 2 – also inside the function</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote class="v2-bq"><p class="v2-p">🧠 <strong>Notice:</strong> <code>Line 3</code> runs first because it is outside the function and sits at the top level of the program. <code>Line 1</code> and <code>Line 2</code> only run when <code>greet()</code> is called.</p></blockquote>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">1.6 Common Beginner Mistake · Forgetting the Call</h3>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code># ❌ WRONG – defines the function but never calls it
def show_score():
    print(&quot;Your score is 100&quot;)

# Nothing is printed because we forgot to call it!</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Corrected version:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code># ✅ CORRECT
def show_score():
    print(&quot;Your score is 100&quot;)

show_score()  # This line actually runs the function</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Your score is 100</code></pre></div></div>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">1.7 Common Beginner Mistake · Indentation Error</h3>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code># ❌ WRONG – missing indentation inside function body
def greet():
print(&quot;Hello&quot;)  # IndentationError!</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Corrected version:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code># ✅ CORRECT
def greet():
    print(&quot;Hello&quot;)  # 4 spaces of indentation</code></pre></div></div>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">1.8 The <code>pass</code> Statement</h3>
<p class="v2-p">Sometimes you want to create a function skeleton now and fill in the logic later. An empty function body causes a syntax error · use <code>pass</code> as a placeholder:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def my_future_function():
    pass  # Does nothing, but Python is happy

my_future_function()  # No output, no error</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p">This is common in professional development when planning out a project structure before writing all the logic.</p>
<hr class="v2-hr"><div class="task-box"><div class="task-lbl">✏️ Your Task</div><div class="task-body">Practise what you just learned about <strong>Python Functions</strong>. Open your editor, type the examples above by hand, modify them, and observe what changes.</div></div><button class="ub" onclick="unlockNext(3)">Phase Complete — Unlock Next ✓</button></div></div>
<div class="phase locked" id="phase4"><div class="ph"><div class="pn">Phase 4 of 8</div><div class="pt">Part 2 · Arguments and Parameters</div><div class="pc" id="chk4"></div></div><div class="pb2"><hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">2.1 What Are Arguments?</h3>
<p class="v2-p">So far our functions do the exact same thing every time. But real functions need to work with <strong>different data</strong> each time · like a calculator that can add any two numbers, not just 2 + 2.</p>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Parameters</strong> and <strong>arguments</strong> let you pass information into a function.</p>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>The difference:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-table-wrap"><table class="v2-table"><thead><tr><th>Word</th><th>Meaning</th><th>Where</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Parameter</strong></td><td>The variable name listed in the function definition</td><td>Inside <code>def</code> parentheses</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Argument</strong></td><td>The actual value you pass when calling the function</td><td>Inside the call parentheses</td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<p class="v2-p">Think of a parameter as an empty slot, and an argument as the value you drop into that slot.</p>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">2.2 A Function with One Parameter</h3>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def greet_person(name):       # &#x27;name&#x27; is the parameter
    print(&quot;Hello, &quot; + name + &quot;!&quot;)

greet_person(&quot;Alice&quot;)         # &quot;Alice&quot; is the argument
greet_person(&quot;Bob&quot;)           # &quot;Bob&quot; is the argument
greet_person(&quot;Dr. Johnson&quot;)   # &quot;Dr. Johnson&quot; is the argument</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Hello, Alice!
Hello, Bob!
Hello, Dr. Johnson!</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote class="v2-bq"><p class="v2-p">🧠 <strong>What changed?</strong> The same function ran three times. Each time, the <code>name</code> parameter held a different value. The function code never changed · only the input did.</p></blockquote>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">2.3 A Function with Multiple Parameters</h3>
<p class="v2-p">You can define as many parameters as you need, separated by commas:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def describe_student(first_name, subject, grade):
    print(first_name + &quot; studies &quot; + subject + &quot; and scored &quot; + str(grade) + &quot;%.&quot;)

describe_student(&quot;Maria&quot;, &quot;Maths&quot;, 94)
describe_student(&quot;James&quot;, &quot;Biology&quot;, 78)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Maria studies Maths and scored 94%.
James studies Biology and scored 78%.</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote class="v2-bq"><p class="v2-p"><strong>Note:</strong> <code>str(grade)</code> converts the number <code>94</code> into the string <code>"94"</code> so it can be joined with the other strings using <code>+</code>. This is called <strong>type conversion</strong>.</p></blockquote>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">2.4 Positional Arguments</h3>
<p class="v2-p">When you pass arguments in order, Python matches them to parameters by <strong>position</strong>:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def show_order(item, quantity, price):
    print(item + &quot; × &quot; + str(quantity) + &quot; = £&quot; + str(price))

show_order(&quot;Apples&quot;, 6, 3.00)
# item = &quot;Apples&quot;, quantity = 6, price = 3.00</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Apples × 6 = £3.0</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote class="v2-bq"><p class="v2-p">⚠️ <strong>Order matters!</strong> If you mix up the order, you get incorrect results · or an error:</p></blockquote>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>show_order(6, &quot;Apples&quot;, 3.00)   # quantity and item are swapped!</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Incorrect output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>6 × Apples = £3.0</code></pre></div></div>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">2.5 Keyword Arguments</h3>
<p class="v2-p">You can also pass arguments using the <strong>parameter name</strong> so order does not matter:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def show_order(item, quantity, price):
    print(item + &quot; × &quot; + str(quantity) + &quot; = £&quot; + str(price))

show_order(quantity=6, price=3.00, item=&quot;Apples&quot;)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Apples × 6 = £3.0</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p">Using keyword arguments makes your code <strong>self-documenting</strong> · anyone reading it knows exactly what each value means.</p>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">2.6 Default Parameter Values</h3>
<p class="v2-p">You can give a parameter a <strong>default value</strong>. If the caller does not provide that argument, the default is used automatically:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def greet(name, language=&quot;English&quot;):
    if language == &quot;English&quot;:
        print(&quot;Hello, &quot; + name + &quot;!&quot;)
    elif language == &quot;Spanish&quot;:
        print(&quot;Hola, &quot; + name + &quot;!&quot;)
    elif language == &quot;French&quot;:
        print(&quot;Bonjour, &quot; + name + &quot;!&quot;)

greet(&quot;Alice&quot;)               # uses default: English
greet(&quot;Carlos&quot;, &quot;Spanish&quot;)   # overrides default
greet(&quot;Marie&quot;, &quot;French&quot;)     # overrides default</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Hello, Alice!
Hola, Carlos!
Bonjour, Marie!</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote class="v2-bq"><p class="v2-p">💡 <strong>Rule:</strong> Parameters with defaults must come <strong>after</strong> parameters without defaults in the function definition.</p></blockquote>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code># ❌ WRONG
def greet(language=&quot;English&quot;, name):   # SyntaxError
    pass

# ✅ CORRECT
def greet(name, language=&quot;English&quot;):
    pass</code></pre></div></div>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">2.7 Returning Values with <code>return</code></h3>
<p class="v2-p">So far our functions have printed things. But often you want a function to <strong>calculate</strong> a result and <strong>send it back</strong> so your program can use it elsewhere.</p>
<p class="v2-p">The <code>return</code> keyword sends a value back to wherever the function was called:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def add(a, b):
    result = a + b
    return result

total = add(10, 25)
print(&quot;The total is:&quot;, total)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>The total is: 35</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>What happens line by line:</strong></p>
<ol class="v2-ol"><li><code>add(10, 25)</code> is called · <code>a = 10</code>, <code>b = 25</code></li><li>Inside: <code>result = 10 + 25</code> → <code>result = 35</code></li><li><code>return result</code> sends <code>35</code> back to the caller</li><li><code>total</code> receives the returned value <code>35</code></li><li><code>print(...)</code> displays it</li></ol>
<blockquote class="v2-bq"><p class="v2-p">🛑 <strong>After <code>return</code>, the function stops.</strong> Any code after <code>return</code> in the same function body will never run.</p></blockquote>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def demo():
    return &quot;I am returned&quot;
    print(&quot;This line never runs!&quot;)  # unreachable code

value = demo()
print(value)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>I am returned</code></pre></div></div>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">2.8 Practical Example · Temperature Converter</h3>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def celsius_to_fahrenheit(celsius):
    fahrenheit = (celsius * 9 / 5) + 32
    return fahrenheit

temp_c = 100
temp_f = celsius_to_fahrenheit(temp_c)
print(str(temp_c) + &quot;°C = &quot; + str(temp_f) + &quot;°F&quot;)

print(str(0) + &quot;°C = &quot; + str(celsius_to_fahrenheit(0)) + &quot;°F&quot;)
print(str(37) + &quot;°C = &quot; + str(celsius_to_fahrenheit(37)) + &quot;°F&quot;)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>100°C = 212.0°F
0°C = 32.0°F
37°C = 98.6°F</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote class="v2-bq"><p class="v2-p">💡 <strong>Real-world use:</strong> Weather apps, scientific instruments, and cooking sites use this exact type of function. Write it once, use it everywhere.</p></blockquote>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">2.9 Passing a List as an Argument</h3>
<p class="v2-p">Any data type can be passed as an argument, including lists:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def show_fruits(fruits):
    for fruit in fruits:
        print(&quot;🍎 &quot; + fruit)

my_fruits = [&quot;Apple&quot;, &quot;Banana&quot;, &quot;Mango&quot;, &quot;Grape&quot;]
show_fruits(my_fruits)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>🍎 Apple
🍎 Banana
🍎 Mango
🍎 Grape</code></pre></div></div>
<hr class="v2-hr"><div class="task-box"><div class="task-lbl">✏️ Your Task</div><div class="task-body">Practise what you just learned about <strong>Arguments and Parameters</strong>. Open your editor, type the examples above by hand, modify them, and observe what changes.</div></div><button class="ub" onclick="unlockNext(4)">Phase Complete — Unlock Next ✓</button></div></div>
<div class="phase locked" id="phase5"><div class="ph"><div class="pn">Phase 5 of 8</div><div class="pt">Part 3 · \*args and \*\*kwargs</div><div class="pc" id="chk5"></div></div><div class="pb2"><hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">3.1 The Problem: What If You Don't Know How Many Arguments There Will Be?</h3>
<p class="v2-p">Imagine writing a function that adds numbers. How many numbers should it accept? Two? Five? Twenty?</p>
<p class="v2-p">If you hard-code three parameters, a caller who wants to sum six numbers is stuck. Python solves this with <strong>arbitrary arguments</strong>.</p>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">3.2 \*args · Arbitrary Positional Arguments</h3>
<p class="v2-p">Adding a single <code>*</code> before a parameter name tells Python: "collect all the extra positional arguments into a <strong>tuple</strong>."</p>
<p class="v2-p">By convention, the name used is <code><em>args</code>, but any name after <code></em></code> works.</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def add_all(*numbers):
    total = 0
    for n in numbers:
        total = total + n
    return total

print(add_all(1, 2))
print(add_all(1, 2, 3, 4, 5))
print(add_all(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60))</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>3
15
210</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>What is <code>numbers</code> here?</strong> It is a <strong>tuple</strong> · an immutable, ordered collection of all the values passed in:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def inspect_args(*items):
    print(type(items))   # &lt;class &#x27;tuple&#x27;&gt;
    print(items)

inspect_args(&quot;cat&quot;, &quot;dog&quot;, &quot;fish&quot;)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>&lt;class &#x27;tuple&#x27;&gt;
(&#x27;cat&#x27;, &#x27;dog&#x27;, &#x27;fish&#x27;)</code></pre></div></div>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">3.3 \*args With Other Parameters</h3>
<p class="v2-p"><code><em>args</code> can be combined with regular parameters. Regular parameters must come <strong>before</strong> <code></em>args</code>:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def show_menu(restaurant_name, *dishes):
    print(&quot;Restaurant: &quot; + restaurant_name)
    print(&quot;Today&#x27;s menu:&quot;)
    for dish in dishes:
        print(&quot;  - &quot; + dish)

show_menu(&quot;La Piazza&quot;, &quot;Pasta&quot;, &quot;Pizza&quot;, &quot;Tiramisu&quot;, &quot;Risotto&quot;)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Restaurant: La Piazza
Today&#x27;s menu:
  - Pasta
  - Pizza
  - Tiramisu
  - Risotto</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote class="v2-bq"><p class="v2-p">🧠 <strong>How it works:</strong> <code>"La Piazza"</code> fills the <code>restaurant_name</code> parameter. Everything else · <code>"Pasta"</code>, <code>"Pizza"</code>, <code>"Tiramisu"</code>, <code>"Risotto"</code> · is collected into the <code>dishes</code> tuple.</p></blockquote>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">3.4 \<em>\</em>kwargs · Arbitrary Keyword Arguments</h3>
<p class="v2-p"><code><strong>kwargs</code> does the same thing as <code>*args</code>, but for </strong>keyword arguments<strong> (name=value pairs). The double <code></strong></code> collects them into a <strong>dictionary</strong>.</p>
<p class="v2-p">By convention the name is <code><strong>kwargs</code> (keyword arguments), but you can use any name after <code></strong></code>.</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def describe_person(**details):
    print(&quot;Person Profile:&quot;)
    for key, value in details.items():
        print(&quot;  &quot; + key + &quot;: &quot; + str(value))

describe_person(name=&quot;Sarah&quot;, age=28, city=&quot;London&quot;, job=&quot;Engineer&quot;)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Person Profile:
  name: Sarah
  age: 28
  city: London
  job: Engineer</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>What is <code>details</code> here?</strong> It is a <strong>dictionary</strong>:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def inspect_kwargs(**info):
    print(type(info))   # &lt;class &#x27;dict&#x27;&gt;
    print(info)

inspect_kwargs(colour=&quot;blue&quot;, size=12)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>&lt;class &#x27;dict&#x27;&gt;
{&#x27;colour&#x27;: &#x27;blue&#x27;, &#x27;size&#x27;: 12}</code></pre></div></div>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">3.5 \<em>\</em>kwargs · Practical Example: Product Builder</h3>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def create_product(**specs):
    print(&quot;=== New Product ===&quot;)
    for spec, value in specs.items():
        print(spec.capitalize() + &quot;: &quot; + str(value))
    print()

create_product(name=&quot;Laptop&quot;, brand=&quot;TechPro&quot;, ram=&quot;16GB&quot;, price=999.99)
create_product(name=&quot;Headphones&quot;, brand=&quot;SoundWave&quot;, colour=&quot;Black&quot;, wireless=True)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>=== New Product ===
Name: Laptop
Brand: TechPro
Ram: 16GB
Price: 999.99

=== New Product ===
Name: Headphones
Brand: SoundWave
Colour: Black
Wireless: True</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote class="v2-bq"><p class="v2-p">💡 <strong>Real-world use:</strong> Web frameworks like Flask and Django use <code>**kwargs</code> everywhere. When you create a database model or an HTML element with attributes, the framework accepts them as keyword arguments.</p></blockquote>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">3.6 Combining Regular, \<em>args, and \</em>\*kwargs</h3>
<p class="v2-p">You can use all three together in one function. The order <strong>must</strong> be:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def function(regular_params, *args, **kwargs):</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def full_order(table_number, *items, **extras):
    print(&quot;Table &quot; + str(table_number) + &quot; ordered:&quot;)
    for item in items:
        print(&quot;  - &quot; + item)
    if extras:
        print(&quot;  Special requests:&quot;)
        for key, val in extras.items():
            print(&quot;    &quot; + key + &quot;: &quot; + str(val))

full_order(7, &quot;Pizza&quot;, &quot;Salad&quot;, &quot;Water&quot;, sauce=&quot;extra&quot;, gluten_free=True)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Table 7 ordered:
  - Pizza
  - Salad
  - Water
  Special requests:
    sauce: extra
    gluten_free: True</code></pre></div></div>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">3.7 The \<em> and \</em>\* Unpacking Operators in Function Calls</h3>
<p class="v2-p">The <code><em></code> and <code><strong></code> can also be used when </strong>calling<strong> a function, to </strong>unpack</em>* a list or dictionary into separate arguments:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def add(a, b, c):
    return a + b + c

numbers = [1, 2, 3]
print(add(*numbers))   # unpacks list into: add(1, 2, 3)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>6</code></pre></div></div>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def greet(name, language):
    print(&quot;Hello &quot; + name + &quot; in &quot; + language)

settings = {&quot;name&quot;: &quot;Aiko&quot;, &quot;language&quot;: &quot;Japanese&quot;}
greet(**settings)   # unpacks dict into: greet(name=&quot;Aiko&quot;, language=&quot;Japanese&quot;)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Hello Aiko in Japanese</code></pre></div></div>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">3.8 Common Beginner Mistakes with \<em>args and \</em>\*kwargs</h3>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Mistake 1 · Wrong order:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code># ❌ WRONG – **kwargs before *args
def bad_func(**kwargs, *args):   # SyntaxError
    pass

# ✅ CORRECT – *args always before **kwargs
def good_func(*args, **kwargs):
    pass</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Mistake 2 · Treating \*args as a list (it's a tuple):</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def my_func(*numbers):
    numbers.append(99)   # AttributeError! Tuples don&#x27;t have append

# ✅ CORRECT – convert to list if you need to modify it
def my_func(*numbers):
    nums_list = list(numbers)
    nums_list.append(99)
    print(nums_list)

my_func(1, 2, 3)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>[1, 2, 3, 99]</code></pre></div></div>
<hr class="v2-hr"><div class="task-box"><div class="task-lbl">✏️ Your Task</div><div class="task-body">Practise what you just learned about <strong>\<em>args and \</em>\*kwargs</strong>. Open your editor, type the examples above by hand, modify them, and observe what changes.</div></div><button class="ub" onclick="unlockNext(5)">Phase Complete — Unlock Next ✓</button></div></div>
<div class="phase locked" id="phase6"><div class="ph"><div class="pn">Phase 6 of 8</div><div class="pt">Part 4 · Python Scope</div><div class="pc" id="chk6"></div></div><div class="pb2"><hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">4.1 What Is Scope?</h3>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Scope</strong> describes <strong>where in your code a variable is visible and accessible</strong>. Not every variable can be seen from every part of a program · and this is intentional.</p>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Why does scope exist?</strong> Imagine a huge program with hundreds of functions. If every variable was visible everywhere, any function could accidentally overwrite another function's <code>total</code> or <code>count</code>. Scope creates <strong>walls</strong> between different parts of code, preventing accidental interference.</p>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Analogy:</strong> Think of scope like rooms in a house. A lamp in your bedroom (local scope) only lights your bedroom. It does not light the kitchen. The main electricity supply (global scope) powers the entire house.</p>
<p class="v2-p">Python has <strong>four levels of scope</strong>, remembered with the acronym <strong>LEGB</strong>:</p>
<div class="v2-table-wrap"><table class="v2-table"><thead><tr><th>Letter</th><th>Name</th><th>Where</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>L</strong></td><td>Local</td><td>Inside the current function</td></tr><tr><td><strong>E</strong></td><td>Enclosing</td><td>Inside an outer function (for nested functions)</td></tr><tr><td><strong>G</strong></td><td>Global</td><td>At the top level of the file</td></tr><tr><td><strong>B</strong></td><td>Built-in</td><td>Python's built-in names (e.g., <code>print</code>, <code>len</code>, <code>range</code>)</td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<p class="v2-p">We will focus on Local and Global · the two you will encounter most.</p>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">4.2 Local Scope</h3>
<p class="v2-p">A variable created <strong>inside a function</strong> is <strong>local</strong> · it only exists while the function is running, and it is invisible outside.</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def my_function():
    local_variable = &quot;I only exist inside this function&quot;
    print(local_variable)

my_function()
print(local_variable)   # NameError! local_variable doesn&#x27;t exist here</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>I only exist inside this function
Traceback (most recent call last):
  ...
NameError: name &#x27;local_variable&#x27; is not defined</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote class="v2-bq"><p class="v2-p">🧠 <strong>Why?</strong> When <code>my_function()</code> finishes, Python destroys all local variables. They are temporary · like writing on a whiteboard that gets erased when the meeting ends.</p></blockquote>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">4.3 Local Variables in Different Functions Don't Interfere</h3>
<p class="v2-p">Each function has its <strong>own private workspace</strong>. Two functions can both use a variable called <code>x</code> without conflict:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def function_a():
    x = 100
    print(&quot;Inside function_a, x =&quot;, x)

def function_b():
    x = 999
    print(&quot;Inside function_b, x =&quot;, x)

function_a()
function_b()</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Inside function_a, x = 100
Inside function_b, x = 999</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p">Both functions have their own <code>x</code>. They never interfere with each other. This is the power of local scope.</p>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">4.4 Global Scope</h3>
<p class="v2-p">A variable created <strong>outside all functions</strong> is <strong>global</strong> · it is visible to all code in the file:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>greeting = &quot;Good morning&quot;   # global variable

def say_it():
    print(greeting)         # can READ the global variable

def shout_it():
    print(greeting.upper()) # can also READ it

say_it()
shout_it()</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Good morning
GOOD MORNING</code></pre></div></div>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">4.5 Can a Function Modify a Global Variable?</h3>
<p class="v2-p">By default, <strong>reading</strong> a global variable inside a function is fine. But <strong>modifying</strong> it is blocked · Python creates a new local variable instead:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>counter = 0   # global

def increment():
    counter = counter + 1   # ❌ UnboundLocalError!

increment()</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Why the error?</strong> Python sees <code>counter =</code> on the left side of <code>=</code> inside the function, assumes you mean a new <strong>local</strong> variable, then tries to read the (not-yet-created local) <code>counter</code> on the right side · and fails.</p>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">4.6 The <code>global</code> Keyword</h3>
<p class="v2-p">To tell Python "I want to modify the actual global variable, not create a local one," use the <code>global</code> keyword:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>counter = 0   # global

def increment():
    global counter             # declare intent to use the global
    counter = counter + 1
    print(&quot;Counter:&quot;, counter)

increment()
increment()
increment()
print(&quot;Final counter:&quot;, counter)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Counter: 1
Counter: 2
Counter: 3
Final counter: 3</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote class="v2-bq"><p class="v2-p">⚠️ <strong>Use <code>global</code> sparingly.</strong> Overusing <code>global</code> is considered bad practice because it makes code hard to trace and debug. The professional approach is to <strong>pass values as arguments</strong> and <strong>return results</strong> instead.</p></blockquote>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Professional alternative to <code>global</code>:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code># ❌ Using global (not ideal)
total = 0
def add_to_total(n):
    global total
    total += n

# ✅ Better approach – pass and return
def add_to_total(current_total, n):
    return current_total + n

total = 0
total = add_to_total(total, 5)
total = add_to_total(total, 10)
print(total)  # 15</code></pre></div></div>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">4.7 Local Takes Priority Over Global</h3>
<p class="v2-p">If a local variable and a global variable share the same name, the <strong>local one wins inside the function</strong>:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>name = &quot;Global Name&quot;

def show_name():
    name = &quot;Local Name&quot;   # this is a NEW local variable
    print(name)

show_name()
print(name)   # global variable unchanged</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Local Name
Global Name</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote class="v2-bq"><p class="v2-p">🧠 <strong>Notice:</strong> Assigning inside the function did NOT change the global <code>name</code>. The global is completely untouched.</p></blockquote>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">4.8 The <code>nonlocal</code> Keyword (Bonus: Enclosing Scope)</h3>
<p class="v2-p">When you have a function <strong>inside another function</strong> (a nested function), the inner function can access the outer function's variables as <strong>enclosing scope</strong>. To modify them, use <code>nonlocal</code>:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def outer():
    message = &quot;Hello from outer&quot;

    def inner():
        nonlocal message
        message = &quot;Modified by inner&quot;
        print(&quot;Inner says:&quot;, message)

    inner()
    print(&quot;Outer says:&quot;, message)

outer()</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Inner says: Modified by inner
Outer says: Modified by inner</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote class="v2-bq"><p class="v2-p">This is an advanced pattern. You will encounter it when learning about <strong>closures</strong> and <strong>decorators</strong> · but <code>nonlocal</code> follows exactly the same logic as <code>global</code>, just one level in.</p></blockquote>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">4.9 Built-in Scope</h3>
<p class="v2-p">Python has many <strong>built-in</strong> names that are always available · like <code>print</code>, <code>len</code>, <code>range</code>, <code>type</code>, <code>int</code>, <code>str</code>, <code>list</code>. These live in the <strong>built-in scope</strong>, the outermost layer:</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>print(len(&quot;Hello&quot;))   # &#x27;len&#x27; and &#x27;print&#x27; are built-in
print(type(42))       # &#x27;type&#x27; is built-in</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>5
&lt;class &#x27;int&#x27;&gt;</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote class="v2-bq"><p class="v2-p">⚠️ <strong>Never shadow built-in names!</strong> Don't create variables called <code>list</code>, <code>print</code>, <code>input</code>, <code>id</code>, etc. · this overwrites the built-in and causes confusing errors.</p></blockquote>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code># ❌ WRONG – never do this
list = [1, 2, 3]       # You&#x27;ve now overwritten the built-in &#x27;list&#x27;
print(list([1,2,3]))   # TypeError – list is now just a list object, not a function

# ✅ CORRECT – use a descriptive name
my_list = [1, 2, 3]</code></pre></div></div>
<hr class="v2-hr"><div class="task-box"><div class="task-lbl">✏️ Your Task</div><div class="task-body">Professional alternative to global:

`python
# ❌ Using global (not ideal)
total = 0
def add_to_total(n):
    global total
    total += n

# ✅ Better approach · pass and return
def add_to_total(current_total, n):
    return current_total + n

total = 0
total = add_to_total(total, 5)
total = add_to_total(total, 10)
print(total)  # 15
` · </div></div><button class="ub" onclick="unlockNext(6)">Phase Complete — Unlock Next ✓</button></div></div>
<div class="phase locked" id="phase7"><div class="ph"><div class="pn">Phase 7 of 8</div><div class="pt">Guided Practice Exercises</div><div class="pc" id="chk7"></div></div><div class="pb2"><div class="chal-box"><div class="chal-lbl">🎯 Your Challenge</div><div class="chal-body"><hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">Exercise 1 · Grading Function</h3>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Objective:</strong> Write a function that takes a student's score and returns a letter grade.</p>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Scenario:</strong> A teacher needs a quick tool to convert any numeric score to a grade.</p>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Steps:</strong></p>
<ol class="v2-ol"><li>Define a function called <code>get_grade</code> that accepts one parameter: <code>score</code></li><li>Inside, use <code>if / elif / else</code> to determine the grade:</li></ol>
<p class="v2-p">- 90 · 100 → <code>"A"</code>    - 80 · 89 → <code>"B"</code>    - 70 · 79 → <code>"C"</code>    - 60 · 69 → <code>"D"</code>    - Below 60 → <code>"F"</code></p>
<ol class="v2-ol"><li>Return the grade letter</li><li>Call the function with at least five different scores and print each result</li></ol>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Hint:</strong> Use <code>return</code> to send the grade back, then <code>print()</code> outside the function.</p>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Solution:</strong></p></div></div><div class="task-box"><div class="task-lbl">✏️ Task</div><div class="task-body">Practise what you just learned about <strong>Guided Practice Exercises</strong>. Open your editor, type the examples above by hand, modify them, and observe what changes.</div></div><button class="reveal-btn" onclick="toggleReveal(this)">Reveal Answer 👁️</button><div class="reveal-content"><div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def get_grade(score):
    if score &gt;= 90:
        return &quot;A&quot;
    elif score &gt;= 80:
        return &quot;B&quot;
    elif score &gt;= 70:
        return &quot;C&quot;
    elif score &gt;= 60:
        return &quot;D&quot;
    else:
        return &quot;F&quot;

scores = [95, 83, 72, 61, 45, 100, 59]
for s in scores:
    print(&quot;Score:&quot;, s, &quot;→ Grade:&quot;, get_grade(s))</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Score: 95 → Grade: A
Score: 83 → Grade: B
Score: 72 → Grade: C
Score: 61 → Grade: D
Score: 45 → Grade: F
Score: 100 → Grade: A
Score: 59 → Grade: F</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Self-check questions:</strong></p>
<ul class="v2-ul"><li>What grade does <code>get_grade(60)</code> return? Why?</li><li>What happens if you pass <code>get_grade(105)</code>? What should you do to handle that?</li></ul>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">Exercise 2 · Shopping Bill with \*args</h3>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Objective:</strong> Use <code>*args</code> to calculate a total from any number of prices.</p>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Scenario:</strong> A checkout system needs to add up a variable number of item prices.</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def calculate_bill(customer_name, *prices):
    total = sum(prices)
    print(&quot;Customer: &quot; + customer_name)
    print(&quot;Items: &quot; + str(len(prices)))
    print(&quot;Total: £&quot; + str(round(total, 2)))
    print()

calculate_bill(&quot;Alice&quot;, 4.99, 1.49, 7.25)
calculate_bill(&quot;Bob&quot;, 12.99, 3.49, 8.00, 2.50, 1.99)
calculate_bill(&quot;Carol&quot;, 35.00)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Customer: Alice
Items: 3
Total: £13.73

Customer: Bob
Items: 5
Total: £28.97

Customer: Carol
Items: 1
Total: £35.0</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>What-if challenge:</strong> What happens if you call <code>calculate_bill("Dave")</code> with no prices? Try it. Is the result sensible? How would you handle an empty bill?</p>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">Exercise 3 · User Profile with \<em>\</em>kwargs</h3>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Objective:</strong> Use <code>**kwargs</code> to build flexible user profiles.</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def create_profile(username, **attributes):
    print(&quot;=== Profile: &quot; + username + &quot; ===&quot;)
    for key, value in attributes.items():
        print(&quot;  &quot; + key.replace(&quot;_&quot;, &quot; &quot;).title() + &quot;: &quot; + str(value))
    print()

create_profile(&quot;coder99&quot;, age=22, city=&quot;Berlin&quot;, language=&quot;Python&quot;, years_experience=3)
create_profile(&quot;data_queen&quot;, age=30, field=&quot;Data Science&quot;, tools=[&quot;pandas&quot;, &quot;numpy&quot;, &quot;sklearn&quot;])</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>=== Profile: coder99 ===
  Age: 22
  City: Berlin
  Language: Python
  Years Experience: 3

=== Profile: data_queen ===
  Age: 30
  Field: Data Science
  Tools: [&#x27;pandas&#x27;, &#x27;numpy&#x27;, &#x27;sklearn&#x27;]</code></pre></div></div>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">Exercise 4 · Scope Experiment</h3>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Objective:</strong> Understand what happens when local and global variables share a name.</p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">python</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>x = &quot;I am global&quot;

def test_local():
    x = &quot;I am local&quot;
    print(&quot;Inside function:&quot;, x)

test_local()
print(&quot;Outside function:&quot;, x)</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Expected output:</strong></p>
<div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">code</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>Inside function: I am local
Outside function: I am global</code></pre></div></div>
<p class="v2-p"><strong>Questions:</strong></p>
<ul class="v2-ul"><li>Did the function change the global <code>x</code>? Why not?</li><li>What would you add to the function to actually change the global <code>x</code>?</li></ul>
<hr class="v2-hr"></div><button class="ub" onclick="unlockNext(7)">Mark Complete and Unlock Next ✓</button></div></div>
<div class="phase locked" id="phase8"><div class="ph"><div class="pn">Phase 8 of 8</div><div class="pt">Common Beginner Mistakes · Full Summary</div><div class="pc" id="chk8"></div></div><div class="pb2"><div class="v2-table-wrap"><table class="v2-table"><thead><tr><th>Mistake</th><th>Example</th><th>Fix</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Defining but not calling a function</td><td><code>def greet(): print("Hi")</code> with no call</td><td>Add <code>greet()</code> after the definition</td></tr><tr><td>Wrong indentation</td><td><code>def f():</code> then <code>print(...)</code> at column 0</td><td>Indent the body with 4 spaces</td></tr><tr><td>Passing wrong number of arguments</td><td><code>def add(a, b): ...</code> called as <code>add(1)</code></td><td>Match the number of arguments to parameters</td></tr><tr><td>Confusing <code>print</code> with <code>return</code></td><td>Function prints but you try to store the result</td><td>Use <code>return</code> for values you need to use later</td></tr><tr><td>Wrong order: \<em>\</em>kwargs before \*args</td><td><code>def f(*<em>kw, </em>ar)</code></td><td>Must be <code>def f(<em>ar, </em>*kw)</code></td></tr><tr><td>Modifying a global without <code>global</code> keyword</td><td><code>count = 0</code> → <code>def f(): count += 1</code></td><td>Add <code>global count</code> inside the function</td></tr><tr><td>Shadowing built-in names</td><td><code>list = [1,2,3]</code></td><td>Use descriptive names like <code>my_list</code></td></tr><tr><td>Treating \*args as a list</td><td><code>args.append(x)</code></td><td><code>args</code> is a tuple; convert with <code>list(args)</code> first</td></tr><tr><td>Default parameter before non-default</td><td><code>def f(x=1, y)</code></td><td>Non-defaults must come first: <code>def f(y, x=1)</code></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<hr class="v2-hr"><div class="task-box"><div class="task-lbl">✏️ Your Task</div><div class="task-body">Practise what you just learned about <strong>Common Beginner Mistakes · Full Summary</strong>. Open your editor, type the examples above by hand, modify them, and observe what changes.</div></div><button class="ub" onclick="unlockNext(8)">Phase Complete — Unlock Next ✓</button></div></div>
<div class="build-box" id="build-it"><div class="build-lbl">🏗️ Build It — Mini Project</div><div class="build-name">Project Goal</div><div class="build-req"><p class="v2-p">This project combines functions, arguments, <code><em>args</code>, <code></em>*kwargs</code>, and scope into one realistic application.</p>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">Project Goal</h3>
<p class="v2-p">Build a <strong>Student Report Generator</strong> that:</p>
<ol class="v2-ol"><li>Accepts student data (name, scores for multiple subjects, personal notes)</li><li>Calculates the average score</li><li>Assigns a letter grade</li><li>Prints a formatted report</li></ol>
<hr class="v2-hr">
<h3 class="v2-h3">Stage 1 · Helper Functions (Setup)</h3></div><button class="reveal-btn" onclick="toggleCode(this)">Reveal Starter Code 💻</button><div class="reveal-content"><div class="v2-code-wrap"><div class="v2-code-bar"><span class="v2-dot r"></span><span class="v2-dot y"></span><span class="v2-dot g"></span><span class="v2-code-lang">starter.py</span><button class="copy-btn" onclick="copyCode(this)">&#10064; Copy</button></div><div class="v2-code-body"><pre><code>def calculate_average(*scores):
    &quot;&quot;&quot;Calculate the average of any number of scores.&quot;&quot;&quot;
    if len(scores) == 0:
        return 0
    return round(sum(scores) / len(scores), 1)

def get_grade(average):
    &quot;&quot;&quot;Convert an average score to a letter grade.&quot;&quot;&quot;
    if average &gt;= 90:
        return &quot;A – Excellent&quot;
    elif average &gt;= 80:
        return &quot;B – Good&quot;
    elif average &gt;= 70:
        return &quot;C – Satisfactory&quot;
    elif average &gt;= 60:
        return &quot;D – Needs Improvement&quot;
    else:
        return &quot;F – Unsatisfactory&quot;

# Test Stage 1
avg = calculate_average(85, 90, 78, 92)
print(&quot;Average:&quot;, avg)
print(&quot;Grade:&quot;, get_grade(avg))</code></pre></div></div><div style="display:flex;gap:.8rem;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:1.1rem"><button class="ub" onclick="downloadStarter(`def calculate_average(*scores):
    """Calculate the average of any number of scores."""
    if len(scores) == 0:
        return 0
    return round(sum(scores) / len(scores), 1)

def get_grade(average):
    """Convert an average score to a letter grade."""
    if average >= 90:
        return "A – Excellent"
    elif average >= 80:
        return "B – Good"
    elif average >= 70:
        return "C – Satisfactory"
    elif average >= 60:
        return "D – Needs Improvement"
    else:
        return "F – Unsatisfactory"

# Test Stage 1
avg = calculate_average(85, 90, 78, 92)
print("Average:", avg)
print("Grade:", get_grade(avg))`)" style="background:#10b981;box-shadow:0 4px 14px rgba(16,185,129,.3)">Download starter.py &#8595;</button><button class="ub" onclick="showGithub()" style="background:#0f172a;box-shadow:none">🐙 Save to GitHub &#8594;</button></div></div></div>
<div class="gh-acc" id="gh-steps" style="display:none">
<div class="gh-hd" onclick="toggleGh(this)">🐙 Save Python Project to GitHub &nbsp;<span>▼</span></div>
<div class="gh-bd">
<div class="gh-nop"><strong>Why Python cannot use GitHub Pages:</strong> GitHub Pages only serves static HTML, CSS, and JavaScript files. Python scripts need a runtime environment (a server or computer) to execute — the browser alone cannot run them. You will learn cloud deployment (Replit, PythonAnywhere, Heroku) later in this course. For now, save your code to GitHub as a growing portfolio of Python work.</div>
<div class="gh-st"><div class="gh-n">1</div><p>Go to <strong>github.com</strong>, click <strong>New repository</strong>, name it <code>python-lesson-15-project-goal</code>. Set to <strong>Public</strong>, tick <strong>Add a README</strong>, click <strong>Create repository</strong>.</p></div>
<div class="gh-st"><div class="gh-n">2</div><p>Click <strong>Add file &gt; Upload files</strong> and upload your <code>.py</code> script.</p></div>
<div class="gh-st"><div class="gh-n">3</div><p>Write commit message: <em>"Add Python lesson 15 project"</em> and click <strong>Commit changes</strong>. Your code is now publicly visible on your GitHub profile. 🐍</p></div>
<button class="ub" onclick="showEnd()" style="background:#059669;margin-top:.5rem">Done — Finish Session ✅</button>
</div></div>
<div class="se" id="session-end"><h2>Lesson 15 complete! 🎉</h2><p style="margin-bottom:.85rem;font-size:.95rem;opacity:.9">You covered:</p><ul><li>✅ Lesson Introduction</li><li>✅ Prerequisite Concepts</li><li>✅ Part 1 · Python Functions</li><li>✅ Part 2 · Arguments and Parameters</li><li>✅ Part 3 · \*args and \*\*kwargs</li><li>✅ Part 4 · Python Scope</li><li>✅ Guided Practice Exercises</li><li>✅ Common Beginner Mistakes · Full Summary</li></ul><div class="ln"><a href="lesson_14.html" class="ln-btn">&#8592; Lesson 14</a><a href="lesson_16.html" class="ln-btn primary">Lesson 16 &#8594;</a></div></div>
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" 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  <span class="lf-text">Techbase Code Coach &nbsp;·&nbsp; Python Course &nbsp;·&nbsp; Lesson 15 &nbsp;·&nbsp; © 2025 Techbase Consultant Services, Ibadan</span>
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