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53 changes: 53 additions & 0 deletions kb/communities/Cable_Bacteria_Photosynthetic_Biofilm_Sediment.yaml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -196,6 +196,59 @@ environmental_factors:
evidence_source: IN_VITRO
snippet: oxic-anoxic interfaces in aquifer sediments
explanation: Supports the redox-interface setting for cable-bacteria activity.
related_ingredients:
- preferred_term: sulfide
chebi_term:
id: CHEBI:15138
label: sulfide(2-)
relevance: >
Free sulfide in the reduced sediment is the electron donor that cable bacteria oxidize,
harvesting electrons that are conducted to oxygen near the surface.
evidence:
- reference: PMID:25416774
supports: SUPPORT
evidence_source: IN_VITRO
snippet: harvesting electrons from free sulfide
explanation: Names sulfide as the electron-donor substrate for cable-bacteria oxidation.
- preferred_term: dioxygen
chebi_term:
id: CHEBI:15379
label: dioxygen
relevance: >
Oxygen near the sediment-water interface is the terminal electron acceptor for long-distance
electron transfer, spatially separated from sulfide at depth.
evidence:
- reference: PMID:27058505
supports: SUPPORT
evidence_source: IN_VITRO
snippet: spatial separation of oxygen and sulfide
explanation: Names oxygen as the acceptor separated from sulfide across the redox interface.
- preferred_term: sulfate
chebi_term:
id: CHEBI:16189
label: sulfate
relevance: >
Cable-bacteria long-distance electron transfer drives direct recycling of sulfate over
centimeter distances at oxic-anoxic interfaces.
evidence:
- reference: PMID:27058505
supports: SUPPORT
evidence_source: IN_VITRO
snippet: direct recycling of sulfate by electron transfer
explanation: Names sulfate as the product recycled by cable-bacteria electron transfer.
- preferred_term: iron sulfide
chebi_term:
id: CHEBI:75896
label: iron sulfides
relevance: >
Aquifer sediment was amended with iron sulfide as a reduced sulfur source supporting
sulfur-oxidizing cable-bacteria activity in the incubations.
evidence:
- reference: PMID:27058505
supports: SUPPORT
evidence_source: IN_VITRO
snippet: amended with iron sulfide
explanation: Names iron sulfide as the amended reduced-sulfur source in the sediment incubation.
associated_datasets:
- name: Cable bacteria photosynthetic biofilm sediment article
dataset_type: PHENOTYPE
Expand Down
22 changes: 22 additions & 0 deletions references_cache/PMID_27058505.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -20,3 +20,25 @@ Key snippets used in curated records:
- "hydrocarbon-contaminated aquifer"
- "identified by sequencing of 16S rRNA genes"
- "belonging to the Desulfobulbaceae"

Full abstract (re-fetched 2026-06-14 via communitymech.literature):

The biodegradation of organic pollutants in aquifers is often restricted to the
fringes of contaminant plumes where steep countergradients of electron donors
and acceptors are separated by limited dispersive mixing. However, long-distance
electron transfer (LDET) by filamentous 'cable bacteria' has recently been
discovered in marine sediments to couple spatially separated redox half
reactions over centimeter scales. Here we provide primary evidence that such
sulfur-oxidizing cable bacteria can also be found at oxic-anoxic interfaces in
aquifer sediments, where they provide a means for the direct recycling of
sulfate by electron transfer over 1-2-cm distance. Sediments were taken from a
hydrocarbon-contaminated aquifer, amended with iron sulfide and saturated with
water, leaving the sediment surface exposed to air. Steep geochemical gradients
developed in the upper 3 cm, showing a spatial separation of oxygen and sulfide
by 9 mm together with a pH profile characteristic for sulfur oxidation by LDET.
Bacterial filaments, which were highly abundant in the suboxic zone, were
identified by sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and fluorescence in situ
hybridization (FISH) as cable bacteria belonging to the Desulfobulbaceae. The
detection of similar Desulfobulbaceae at the oxic-anoxic interface of fresh
sediment cores taken at a contaminated aquifer suggests that LDET may indeed be
active at the capillary fringe in situ.
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