E2E tests with python + playwright + pytest

Framework for automated web application testing. Testing https://opensource-demo.orangehrmlive.com/ through API and UI

Architecture

• Pytest — runs tests and manages fixtures
• Playwright — automates browser (clicks, form filling, checks)
• Feature Object Model — all elements and locators for one feature are collected in a separate class
• API layer — separate API layer for data creation and management
• Dataclass fixtures — convenient access to testing objects
• Faker — generates random test data

Project Structure

test-repo-python/
├── test/
│   └── e2e/
│       ├── api/                    # API work
│       │   ├── base_api.py         # Base API class
│       │   └── orange_api.py       # OrangeHRM API
│       ├── ui/                     # Interface work
│       │   ├── base_ui.py          # Base UI class
│       │   ├── orange_ui.py        # Main page + locators
│       │   └── orange_pim_ui.py    # Employee page + locators
│       ├── tests/
│       │   └── test_orange.py      # Tests
│       ├── test-data/
│       │   └── test_avatar.jpg     # File for upload
│       └── conftest.py             # Test settings
├── pytest.ini                      # Pytest configuration
├── playwright.config.py            # Browser configuration
├── requirements.txt                # Libraries
└── README.md                       # Documentation

Quick Start

Installation

# Install Python 3.8+ (if not installed)
# https://www.python.org/downloads/

# Install libraries
pip install -r requirements.txt

# Install browsers
playwright install

Running Tests

All tests

python3 -m pytest --headed

Individual tests

python3 -m pytest -m test1 --headed  # Authentication
python3 -m pytest -m test2 --headed  # Create employee
python3 -m pytest -m test3 --headed  # Upload avatar

Without opening browser

python3 -m pytest -m test1

How it works

Convenient access to objects

from test.e2e.conftest import Api, Ui

def test_example(api: Api, ui: Ui):
    # Convenient access to objects via dot notation
    api.orange.auth()
    ui.orange_page.goto()
    ui.orange_pim.find_employee("123")

Creating data through API

def test_create_user_and_employee(api: Api, ui: Ui):
    # Quickly create employee through API
    user = api.orange.create_employee_and_user()
    
    # Check that it appeared in interface
    ui.orange_pim.goto()
    ui.orange_pim.find_employee(user['employeeData']['employeeId'])
    ui.orange_pim.assert_employee_visible(user['employeeData']['firstName'])

What we test

Test	What it does	Why needed
test1	UI authentication after API	Check that API authentication works
test2	Create employee through API, check in UI	Test API and UI integration
test3	Upload employee avatar	Check file upload

🔧 Configuration

pytest.ini - test settings

[pytest]
testpaths = test/e2e              # Where to look for tests
python_files = test_*.py          # Which files to test
addopts = 
    --tb=short                    # Short errors
    -v                           # Verbose output
markers =                        # Tags for grouping tests
    test1: mark test as test1
    test2: mark test as test2
    test3: mark test as test3

🛠️ Debugging

Playwright Inspector - step-by-step debugging

PWDEBUG=1 python3 -m pytest -m test1 --headed

Developer Tools - like in browser

PWDEBUG=console python3 -m pytest -m test1 --headed

Pause in test

def test_example(api: Api, ui: Ui):
    api.orange.auth()
    ui.page.pause()  # Stop for debugging
    ui.orange_page.goto()

Why exactly this way?

API layer

• Faster - API works faster than UI
• More stable - less dependent on interface
• More reliable - fewer random errors

Feature Object Model

• Locators in one place - all selectors for feature are collected in class
• Reusability - one class for all feature tests
• Maintenance - easy to change locator in one place
• Readability - clear what each method does

Dataclass fixtures

• Convenience - access to objects via dot notation
• Typing - IDE suggests methods
• Compactness - less code in tests

🔗 Useful links

• Playwright Python
• Pytest
• Faker

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Ready to use! 🚀